1. 紐(niu)扣電(dian)池(chi)和電(dian)池(chi)殼體

一般的(de)干(gan)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)為錳電(dian)(dian)池(chi)或堿(jian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)，其殼體(ti)使(shi)用(yong)表面處(chu)(chu)(chu)理鋼(gang)材再經過涂裝即可，而電(dian)(dian)子精密儀器所使(shi)用(yong)的(de)紐(niu)扣(kou)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)用(yong)材，處(chu)(chu)(chu)于(yu)表面處(chu)(chu)(chu)理鋼(gang)板和(he)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)鋼(gang)板的(de)競爭的(de)狀態。在紐(niu)扣(kou)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)中，有堿(jian)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)、氧化銀(yin)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)、二氧化錳鋰(li)電(dian)(dian)池(chi)和(he)空氣鋅電(dian)(dian)池(chi)等各種類型電(dian)(dian)池(chi)。

不銹(xiu)鋼具有耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)性，適合(he)制(zhi)作電(dian)池(chi)殼體。但(dan)(dan)由于耐腐(fu)蝕(shi)的(de)(de)(de)氧(yang)化(hua)膜而使(shi)導(dao)電(dian)性惡(e)化(hua)，因此多(duo)使(shi)用(yong)鍍(du)鎳(nie)的(de)(de)(de)表面處理鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)板。不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)亦(yi)可以用(yong)于廉價的(de)(de)(de)玩(wan)具類產(chan)品(pin)，但(dan)(dan)在高性能產(chan)品(pin)中，則使(shi)用(yong)鍍(du)鎳(nie)的(de)(de)(de)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)。在電(dian)池(chi)種(zhong)類當中，氧(yang)化(hua)銀電(dian)池(chi)，二氧(yang)化(hua)錳(meng)鋰電(dian)池(chi)應用(yong)較(jiao)廣。鍍(du)鎳(nie)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)代表型鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)種(zhong)SUS304鍍(du)鎳(nie)后，使(shi)用(yong)者較(jiao)多(duo)。最近為了降低(di)生產(chan)成本，轉為使(shi)用(yong)鐵(tie)素體系列的(de)(de)(de)SUS430不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)鍍(du)鎳(nie)。

 2. 鋰離子(zi)電(dian)池殼體

 用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)在(zai)小型(xing)鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)中，有表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)、不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)和鋁(lv)(lv)三(san)方面(mian)的(de)競爭，在(zai)開(kai)發初期，因為鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)存在(zai)爆炸危險性，所(suo)以，對表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)和不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)作為殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)材(cai)料(liao)而展開(kai)研討論(lun)證。因為小型(xing)的(de)鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)是長方體(ti)，像使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)完(wan)畢(bi)而扔掉的(de)打火機那樣形狀，雖然(ran)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)表(biao)面(mian)處(chu)(chu)理鋼(gang)(gang)板(ban)并具備(bei)沖(chong)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)性優勢，但在(zai)常溫下，靈(ling)活充分地使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)沖(chong)壓(ya)機床，開(kai)發多種(zhong)工藝方式(shi)的(de)沖(chong)壓(ya)技術，可(ke)以使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)超(chao)深(shen)度拉深(shen)工藝，制造出不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)產(chan)品化(hua)(hua)(hua)的(de)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)。近來(lai)，在(zai)數碼照(zhao)相機和手(shou)機使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的(de)鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)，考慮到輕量(liang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)，則鋁(lv)(lv)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)亦(yi)產(chan)品化(hua)(hua)(hua)了，在(zai)使(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)材(cai)料(liao)制造技術中，東京都大田(tian)區的(de)技術實力很強。沖(chong)壓(ya)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業人員采用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)超(chao)深(shen)拉深(shen)進行(xing)(xing)(xing)生產(chan)制造。可(ke)以說鋁(lv)(lv)和不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)在(zai)鋰離(li)(li)子(zi)(zi)電(dian)池(chi)(chi)殼(ke)(ke)體(ti)行(xing)(xing)(xing)業存在(zai)著激(ji)烈的(de)材(cai)料(liao)競爭。

 大型(xing)鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池，曾(ceng)以NEDO為(wei)中心，聯合(he)電(dian)(dian)池生產(chan)廠家參(can)與，分別開發了移動型(xing)和(he)定置型(xing)。圓柱形(xing)和(he)長方體(ti)形(xing)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)池殼體(ti)，使用(yong)(yong)(yong)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼材(cai)料(liao)。圓柱形(xing)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)激光焊接制造殼體(ti)，長方體(ti)形(xing)則采用(yong)(yong)(yong)超深(shen)拉深(shen)工(gong)藝(yi)進行(xing)(xing)加(jia)工(gong)，而盒(he)蓋使用(yong)(yong)(yong)激光焊接進行(xing)(xing)接合(he)。雖然(ran)正處于開發階段，但已經決定在(zai)2010年在(zai)主(zhu)力(li)客機(ji)波音789上(shang)，裝設這種鋰離(li)子電(dian)(dian)池。所用(yong)(yong)(yong)鋼種為(wei)SUS304、SUS304L不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼，板(ban)厚為(wei)0.6-0.8mm,在(zai)常溫下利用(yong)(yong)(yong)多道工(gong)序沖(chong)壓成形(xing)。期(qi)望在(zai)市(shi)區內(nei)行(xing)(xing)駛的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)力(li)驅(qu)動而在(zai)郊區是(shi)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)汽(qi)油作為(wei)燃(ran)料(liao)進行(xing)(xing)驅(qu)動的(de)(de)兩(liang)種動力(li)汽(qi)車(che)，或電(dian)(dian)動汽(qi)車(che)上(shang)，作為(wei)二(er)次電(dian)(dian)池，在(zai)實(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)化(hua)方面取得了顯(xian)著(zhu)進展。從鍍(du)層鋼板(ban)到不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼的(de)(de)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼化(hua)的(de)(de)重點是(shi)加(jia)工(gong)性和(he)耐腐蝕性。