1. 制(zhi)定標準的意(yi)義(yi)

   GB/T 34107-2017為(wei)首次制定，主編單位為(wei)江(jiang)蘇銀(yin)環精密鋼管有(you)(you)限公(gong)司，參加起草單位有(you)(you)江(jiang)蘇武進不銹股份有(you)(you)限公(gong)司、中國鐵道科學(xue)研究(jiu)院(yuan)標準計(ji)量研究(jiu)所、上海奉(feng)賢鋼管廠有(you)(you)限公(gong)司、山西(xi)太鋼不銹鋼鋼管有(you)(you)限公(gong)司、中車(che)株洲電力機車(che)有(you)(you)限公(gong)司、中車(che)大連機車(che)車(che)輛有(you)(you)限公(gong)司、中車(che)青島(dao)四方機車(che)車(che)輛股份有(you)(you)限公(gong)司、冶(ye)金(jin)工業信息標準研究(jiu)院(yuan)。

   制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)是保(bao)障軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)安全營(ying)運的(de)(de)關鍵設備。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)(dong)力源為(wei)壓縮空(kong)氣(qi)或制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)液，精密(mi)(mi)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)是用(yong)(yong)來輸送壓縮空(kong)氣(qi)或制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)液，實現制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)載(zai)體。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)對精密(mi)(mi)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)非(fei)常(chang)嚴格，其質量直接影響車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)性能(neng)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)各(ge)種閥類零件對精密(mi)(mi)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)內表面(mian)的(de)(de)清潔度要(yao)求(qiu)非(fei)常(chang)高，不允許內表面(mian)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)異物、氧(yang)化皮脫落、銹蝕(shi)等(deng)缺(que)陷存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。否(fou)則會造成閥部件堵塞，動(dong)(dong)(dong)作(zuo)失靈，造成制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)故障，從而危及行(xing)車(che)(che)(che)(che)安全。軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)不銹鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)無縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)每(mei)臺／節(jie)機(ji)(ji)車(che)(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)大(da)致使用(yong)(yong)300公斤左右。鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)組裝(zhuang)過(guo)程中，通(tong)(tong)常(chang)會進行(xing)彎(wan)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)、預(yu)裝(zhuang)卡套、加工(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)螺紋(wen)、焊接、機(ji)(ji)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)經過(guo)這些工(gong)(gong)(gong)業過(guo)程之后，鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)不應開(kai)裂、起皺，或有超過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)規定(ding)的(de)(de)缺(que)陷存在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)。軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)運行(xing)環境復雜(za)，接觸風、霜、雨、雪(xue)、粉塵(chen)、煤塵(chen)、紫外(wai)線等(deng)；還能(neng)夠遇到弱酸(suan)、弱堿等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)況。目(mu)前，鐵路(lu)機(ji)(ji)車(che)(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)運行(xing)的(de)(de)線路(lu)越來越長（例如從哈爾濱到廣(guang)州），氣(qi)候變(bian)化劇烈(lie)，對制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)耐候性能(neng)提出了(le)(le)更高要(yao)求(qiu)。軌(gui)道(dao)(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)(tong)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)日常(chang)的(de)(de)保(bao)養過(guo)程中，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)部分管(guan)(guan)路(lu)可能(neng)會直接接觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)業清洗劑。這些都對機(ji)(ji)車(che)(che)(che)(che)車(che)(che)(che)(che)輛(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)(dong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)用(yong)(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)抗腐蝕(shi)、強度等(deng)性能(neng)提出了(le)(le)很高的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。

   本標準制定前，軌道交通車輛制動系統用精密不銹鋼(gang)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管沒有統一的國家標準，用戶訂貨基本上都引用了歐盟或德國的標準。本標準的制定，有利于高端裝備制造用原材料的國產化。該標準適用于軌道交通車輛（機車、動車組、城軌車輛、客貨運車輛等）空氣或液壓制動系統用精密奧氏體不銹鋼無縫鋼管。

2.  主(zhu)要技術(shu)內容

   鋼管外徑尺寸范圍為6～48.3mm，壁厚為1.0～4.0mm。外徑范圍6～30mm的允許偏差為±0.08mm；壁厚范圍＞1.5～2.5mm的允許偏差為±0.15mm。鋼的牌號包括06Cr19Ni10、022Cr19Ni10、06Cr17Ni12Mo2、022Cr17Ni12Mo2、06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti、06Cr18Ni11Ti等6個牌號。鋼管采用冷拔（軋）無縫方法制造，以光亮固溶處理狀態交貨。力學性能要求包括拉伸和硬度。鋼管應進行液壓、壓扁、彎曲、擴口、晶間腐蝕和無損等檢驗。鋼管的內外表面應清潔、光亮、色澤均勻，無氧化皮等異物，表面粗糙度Ra應不大于3.2μm。采用不低于0.8MPa的干燥潔凈壓縮空氣逐根吹掃鋼管內表面，不應吹出任何肉眼可見的固態或液態雜物。鋼管使用木箱包裝，防護應符合鐵路標準TB/T 3218的規定，并采用外套式管帽。鋼管采用噴標方式每隔2米重復標識。鋼管的并應采用防水防潮的箱式包裝。

3. 國內(nei)外標(biao)準(zhun)對比及(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)水平(ping)

   和(he)《壓力(li)用(yong)途的(de)無縫鋼(gang)管(guan)交貨(huo)(huo)技術條件第(di)5部(bu)分不銹鋼(gang)管(guan)》（EN 10216-5）、《精密用(yong)途的(de)鋼(gang)管(guan)交貨(huo)(huo)技術條件第(di)1部(bu)分無縫冷拔(ba)管(guan)》（EN10305-1）等標(biao)準相比，本(ben)標(biao)準在尺(chi)寸允許(xu)偏差、表面質量、化學成分、工藝(yi)性能、無損檢測、包裝等方(fang)面的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)更加(jia)明確、具體(ti)和(he)嚴格。本(ben)標(biao)準為國際先進水平。