1. 制定(ding)標準的(de)意義
GB/T 34107-2017為首次制定(ding)，主(zhu)編單位(wei)(wei)為江蘇銀環精密鋼管有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司，參加起草(cao)單位(wei)(wei)有(you)江蘇武進(jin)不(bu)(bu)銹股份(fen)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司、中國鐵道(dao)科學研(yan)究院(yuan)標準(zhun)(zhun)計量(liang)研(yan)究所、上海奉賢鋼管廠有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司、山西太鋼不(bu)(bu)銹鋼鋼管有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司、中車(che)(che)株洲電(dian)力機車(che)(che)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司、中車(che)(che)大連(lian)機車(che)(che)車(che)(che)輛有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司、中車(che)(che)青(qing)島四方機車(che)(che)車(che)(che)輛股份(fen)有(you)限(xian)公(gong)司、冶金(jin)工(gong)業(ye)信息標準(zhun)(zhun)研(yan)究院(yuan)。
制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)是保障軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)安全(quan)營運的(de)(de)(de)關鍵設備。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)動(dong)(dong)力源為壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)或制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)液，精密(mi)(mi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管是用(yong)來輸(shu)送壓縮(suo)空氣(qi)或制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)液，實現制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)載(zai)體。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)對精密(mi)(mi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)非常嚴格，其質(zhi)量直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)影響車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)。制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)閥類零件(jian)對精密(mi)(mi)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管內(nei)表(biao)面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)清潔度(du)要(yao)求(qiu)非常高，不(bu)(bu)(bu)允(yun)許內(nei)表(biao)面(mian)存在(zai)(zai)(zai)異(yi)物、氧(yang)化(hua)皮脫落(luo)、銹(xiu)蝕等(deng)(deng)缺陷存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。否(fou)則會(hui)(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)閥部件(jian)堵(du)塞，動(dong)(dong)作(zuo)失(shi)靈，造(zao)成(cheng)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)故障，從而危(wei)及(ji)行(xing)車(che)安全(quan)。軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)用(yong)不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)管每臺／節(jie)機車(che)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)大致(zhi)使用(yong)300公斤(jin)左右。鋼(gang)(gang)管在(zai)(zai)(zai)軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)組裝(zhuang)過(guo)程中，通(tong)常會(hui)(hui)進行(xing)彎制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)、預裝(zhuang)卡(ka)套、加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管螺(luo)紋、焊接(jie)(jie)(jie)、機加(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)等(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程。在(zai)(zai)(zai)經過(guo)這些工(gong)(gong)(gong)業過(guo)程之后，鋼(gang)(gang)管不(bu)(bu)(bu)應開裂、起皺，或有超過(guo)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)規(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)缺陷存在(zai)(zai)(zai)。軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)運行(xing)環境復(fu)雜，接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸風(feng)、霜、雨、雪、粉塵、煤(mei)塵、紫外線(xian)等(deng)(deng)；還能(neng)(neng)夠遇到弱(ruo)酸(suan)、弱(ruo)堿等(deng)(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)況。目前(qian)，鐵路機車(che)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)運行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)線(xian)路越(yue)來越(yue)長(chang)（例如從哈爾濱到廣州），氣(qi)候(hou)(hou)變(bian)化(hua)劇(ju)烈(lie)，對制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)鋼(gang)(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)耐候(hou)(hou)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)提出了更高要(yao)求(qiu)。軌(gui)道(dao)交(jiao)(jiao)通(tong)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)在(zai)(zai)(zai)日常的(de)(de)(de)保養過(guo)程中，制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)部分管路可能(neng)(neng)會(hui)(hui)直(zhi)(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸工(gong)(gong)(gong)業清洗劑。這些都對機車(che)車(che)輛(liang)(liang)(liang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)動(dong)(dong)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)用(yong)鋼(gang)(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)抗腐蝕、強度(du)等(deng)(deng)性(xing)能(neng)(neng)提出了很高的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。
本標準制定前，軌道交通車輛制動系統用精密不銹鋼(gang)無縫鋼(gang)管(guan)沒有統一的國家標準，用戶訂貨基本上都引用了歐盟或德國的標準。本標準的制定，有利于高端裝備制造用原材料的國產化。該標準適用于軌道交通車輛（機車、動車組、城軌車輛、客貨運車輛等）空氣或液壓制動系統用精密奧氏體不銹鋼無縫鋼管。
2. 主要技術內容
鋼管外徑尺寸范圍為6～48.3mm，壁厚為1.0～4.0mm。外徑范圍6～30mm的允許偏差為±0.08mm；壁厚范圍＞1.5～2.5mm的允許偏差為±0.15mm。鋼的牌號包括06Cr19Ni10、022Cr19Ni10、06Cr17Ni12Mo2、022Cr17Ni12Mo2、06Cr17Ni12Mo2Ti、06Cr18Ni11Ti等6個牌號。鋼管采用冷拔（軋）無縫方法制造，以光亮固溶處理狀態交貨。力學性能要求包括拉伸和硬度。鋼管應進行液壓、壓扁、彎曲、擴口、晶間腐蝕和無損等檢驗。鋼管的內外表面應清潔、光亮、色澤均勻，無氧化皮等異物，表面粗糙度Ra應不大于3.2μm。采用不低于0.8MPa的干燥潔凈壓縮空氣逐根吹掃鋼管內表面，不應吹出任何肉眼可見的固態或液態雜物。鋼管使用木箱包裝，防護應符合鐵路標準TB/T 3218的規定，并采用外套式管帽。鋼管采用噴標方式每隔2米重復標識。鋼管的并應采用防水防潮的箱式包裝。
3. 國內外標準對比及(ji)標準水平
和《壓力用途的(de)無縫鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)交(jiao)貨(huo)技術條件(jian)第5部(bu)分不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)》（EN 10216-5）、《精密用途的(de)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)交(jiao)貨(huo)技術條件(jian)第1部(bu)分無縫冷拔管(guan)(guan)》（EN10305-1）等(deng)標準(zhun)相比，本標準(zhun)在尺寸(cun)允許偏差、表面質量、化(hua)學成(cheng)分、工(gong)藝性(xing)能、無損(sun)檢測、包裝等(deng)方(fang)面的(de)要求更(geng)加明確、具(ju)體和嚴格。本標準(zhun)為(wei)國(guo)際先(xian)進(jin)水平(ping)。
