不銹鋼管立式(shi)穿孔機具有各種不同的(de)結構，采(cai)用何種結構取(qu)決于其不同的(de)用途。
若(ruo)用于實(shi)心坯料穿(chuan)孔的穿(chuan)孔機，通常具有安(an)裝在同一(yi)導向裝置上的兩(liang)個(ge)活(huo)動橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)，其中一(yi)個(ge)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)安(an)裝有鐓(dui)(dui)粗坯料用的鐓(dui)(dui)粗桿，也(ye)稱(cheng)為鐓(dui)(dui)粗梁(liang)(liang)；另(ling)一(yi)個(ge)活(huo)動橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)上安(an)裝有穿(chuan)孔桿，即(ji)稱(cheng)穿(chuan)孔梁(liang)(liang)。兩(liang)個(ge)橫(heng)(heng)(heng)梁(liang)(liang)可以同時或(huo)者單(dan)獨地(di)工作或(huo)移動。
若采用擴(kuo)孔工藝時，沒有鐓粗工序，則可(ke)以(yi)簡化(hua)穿孔機的(de)結(jie)構，兩(liang)個動梁并為一(yi)個，僅作為擴(kuo)孔頭(tou)在穿孔筒中的(de)對中，即具(ju)有短(duan)行(xing)程的(de)附加動梁。
一般最為常用的不銹鋼管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。
穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)按其結(jie)構形(xing)式(shi)可以分為三類：有一(yi)個固定穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)的(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)；有一(yi)個移動穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)的(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)和具有多工位的(de)(de)旋轉或移動穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)座的(de)(de)多穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)形(xing)式(shi)的(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)。日本的(de)(de)神戶制鋼還安裝了(le)有3個穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)的(de)(de)多穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)結(jie)構的(de)(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)。
表8-23為穿孔機(ji)的(de)(de)能(neng)力(li)(li)與擠壓(ya)機(ji)能(neng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)匹(pi)配情(qing)況，表8-24為國外(wai)部分立(li)式穿孔機(ji)的(de)(de)主要(yao)技術性能(neng)。
圖8-27所(suo)示為立式(shi)單筒固(gu)定式(shi)穿孔機的(de)結構示意(yi)圖，此種(zhong)穿孔機設備高(gao)度高(gao)，裝出料間隙時間長，被認(ren)為是一種(zhong)陳舊的(de)結構。
近代也(ye)有采(cai)用(yong)4工位雙穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)移動式(shi)或旋轉式(shi)立式(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機結構（圖8-28)。這種結構的(de)立式(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機，采(cai)用(yong)2個穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)交(jiao)替作業，裝出料和(he)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)內襯的(de)清理都在穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)中心(xin)線之外進行。因此，不(bu)僅使穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機的(de)高度降(jiang)低，同時(shi)降(jiang)低了(le)廠房設(she)施的(de)高度，而且(qie)也(ye)提高了(le)設(she)備的(de)使用(yong)效率。但是，隨之穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)的(de)快(kuai)速(su)和(he)精(jing)確定位及(ji)固定比較困難(nan)，搞得不(bu)好(hao)會影響穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)后空心(xin)坯壁厚的(de)精(jing)度。
雙穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)結構的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)，穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)具有4個工位，在這些工位上依次完成以(yi)下工序：把穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)坯料裝入穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)，進(jin)行坯料的(de)鐓粗和穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，從(cong)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)中頂出空心坯，進(jin)行穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)內襯的(de)清理。
美(mei)國 Lone Star鋼(gang)廠(chang)55MN（5500t)臥(wo)式鋼(gang)管擠(ji)壓機相配套的25MN(2500t)立式穿孔機的主要性能(neng)如(ru)下：
穿孔(kong)(kong)機配置(zhi)有(you)自動控制(zhi)系統，可用于(yu)：（1)管(guan)坯(pi)的鐓粗和穿孔(kong)(kong)；（2)帶(dai)預鉆孔(kong)(kong)和錐形輔(fu)助孔(kong)(kong)坯(pi)料的擴孔(kong)(kong)。
