不銹鋼(gang)管(guan)立式穿(chuan)孔(kong)機具有(you)各種不同的(de)結構(gou)，采用(yong)何種結構(gou)取決于其不同的(de)用(yong)途。
若用(yong)于實心坯料穿(chuan)孔(kong)的穿(chuan)孔(kong)機，通常具有(you)安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)在同(tong)一(yi)導(dao)向裝(zhuang)(zhuang)置上的兩(liang)個活(huo)動(dong)橫(heng)梁，其中一(yi)個橫(heng)梁安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)鐓(dui)粗(cu)坯料用(yong)的鐓(dui)粗(cu)桿(gan)，也稱為(wei)鐓(dui)粗(cu)梁；另一(yi)個活(huo)動(dong)橫(heng)梁上安裝(zhuang)(zhuang)有(you)穿(chuan)孔(kong)桿(gan)，即稱穿(chuan)孔(kong)梁。兩(liang)個橫(heng)梁可以(yi)同(tong)時(shi)或(huo)者(zhe)單獨地工作或(huo)移(yi)動(dong)。
若采(cai)用擴(kuo)孔工藝時，沒有(you)鐓粗工序，則可以(yi)簡化穿孔機的結構(gou)，兩個動梁(liang)并為一個，僅作為擴(kuo)孔頭在穿孔筒中(zhong)(zhong)的對中(zhong)(zhong)，即(ji)具有(you)短行程的附加動梁(liang)。
一般最為常用的不銹鋼管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。
穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)按其結構形(xing)式可以分(fen)為(wei)三(san)類：有(you)一(yi)個固(gu)定穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)；有(you)一(yi)個移(yi)動穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)和具有(you)多(duo)工(gong)位的(de)旋轉或移(yi)動穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒座的(de)多(duo)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒形(xing)式的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)。日本的(de)神戶制鋼還安裝了有(you)3個穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒的(de)多(duo)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒結構的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機(ji)(ji)。
表8-23為穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)機的能(neng)力(li)與(yu)擠壓機能(neng)力(li)的匹配情況，表8-24為國外部(bu)分立式穿(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)機的主要技術性能(neng)。
圖8-27所(suo)示(shi)為(wei)立(li)式單筒固定式穿孔(kong)機(ji)的結(jie)構(gou)示(shi)意(yi)圖，此種穿孔(kong)機(ji)設備高(gao)度高(gao)，裝出料(liao)間(jian)隙時(shi)間(jian)長，被認為(wei)是一種陳舊(jiu)的結(jie)構(gou)。
近代也有采用4工位雙(shuang)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒移動式或旋轉式立式穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)結(jie)構(gou)（圖(tu)8-28)。這(zhe)種結(jie)構(gou)的立式穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)，采用2個穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒交替(ti)作業(ye)，裝出料(liao)和穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒內(nei)襯的清(qing)理(li)都在穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)中(zhong)心線之(zhi)外進行(xing)。因此(ci)，不(bu)(bu)僅使(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)的高(gao)度(du)降低，同時降低了廠房(fang)設(she)施的高(gao)度(du)，而且(qie)也提(ti)高(gao)了設(she)備的使(shi)用效率。但是，隨之(zhi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒的快速和精(jing)(jing)確定(ding)位及固定(ding)比較困難，搞得不(bu)(bu)好會影響穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)后空(kong)心坯壁厚的精(jing)(jing)度(du)。
雙(shuang)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)結(jie)構的穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)機(ji)，穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)具有4個工(gong)位(wei)，在(zai)這些工(gong)位(wei)上(shang)依(yi)次完成以下工(gong)序：把穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)坯(pi)料(liao)裝入(ru)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)，進(jin)行(xing)坯(pi)料(liao)的鐓粗和穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)，從穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)中(zhong)頂出(chu)空心(xin)坯(pi)，進(jin)行(xing)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)內襯的清理。
美(mei)國(guo) Lone Star鋼(gang)廠55MN（5500t)臥式(shi)鋼(gang)管(guan)擠(ji)壓(ya)機相配(pei)套的(de)25MN(2500t)立(li)式(shi)穿孔機的(de)主要性能如下(xia)：
穿孔機配置有(you)自(zi)動控制系統，可用于(yu)：（1)管坯的鐓粗和穿孔；（2)帶預鉆(zhan)孔和錐形(xing)輔助(zhu)孔坯料的擴(kuo)孔。
