不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管(guan)立式穿孔機具有各種不(bu)同(tong)的(de)結構，采(cai)用(yong)何(he)種結構取決于(yu)其不(bu)同(tong)的(de)用(yong)途。

  若用于實(shi)心坯料穿(chuan)孔的(de)(de)穿(chuan)孔機，通常具有(you)安裝在同一導向裝置上的(de)(de)兩個活動橫梁(liang)(liang)，其中一個橫梁(liang)(liang)安裝有(you)鐓(dui)(dui)粗坯料用的(de)(de)鐓(dui)(dui)粗桿，也稱為鐓(dui)(dui)粗梁(liang)(liang)；另一個活動橫梁(liang)(liang)上安裝有(you)穿(chuan)孔桿，即(ji)稱穿(chuan)孔梁(liang)(liang)。兩個橫梁(liang)(liang)可以(yi)同時或者單獨地工作或移動。

  若采用擴孔(kong)工(gong)藝時，沒有(you)鐓粗(cu)工(gong)序(xu)，則(ze)可以簡化穿(chuan)孔(kong)機的結構，兩個(ge)動梁(liang)并為一個(ge)，僅作為擴孔(kong)頭在(zai)穿(chuan)孔(kong)筒中(zhong)的對中(zhong)，即具有(you)短行(xing)程的附加動梁(liang)。

  一般最為常用的不銹鋼管穿孔機用于分別完成穿孔和擴孔兩個工序。

   穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)按(an)其結(jie)構(gou)形式(shi)(shi)可以分為(wei)三類(lei)：有(you)一個(ge)固定穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)；有(you)一個(ge)移動穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)和具有(you)多工位(wei)的(de)旋轉(zhuan)或移動穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)座的(de)多穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)形式(shi)(shi)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)。日本(ben)的(de)神戶制鋼(gang)還安裝了(le)有(you)3個(ge)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)多穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)筒(tong)(tong)結(jie)構(gou)的(de)穿(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)機(ji)(ji)。

  表(biao)8-23為穿(chuan)孔機的能(neng)力與擠壓機能(neng)力的匹配情況，表(biao)8-24為國外部(bu)分(fen)立式穿(chuan)孔機的主要技術(shu)性能(neng)。

  圖8-27所示(shi)為(wei)立式單筒固(gu)定(ding)式穿孔機(ji)的(de)結(jie)構示(shi)意圖，此種穿孔機(ji)設備高度高，裝出料間隙時間長，被認為(wei)是一種陳舊的(de)結(jie)構。

  近代(dai)也有采用(yong)4工位雙穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)移動(dong)式(shi)或旋轉式(shi)立式(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機結構（圖8-28)。這種結構的(de)立式(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機，采用(yong)2個穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)交替(ti)作業，裝出料和(he)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)內襯的(de)清理都(dou)在(zai)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)中心(xin)線(xian)之外進(jin)行。因(yin)此，不(bu)僅(jin)使(shi)穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)機的(de)高(gao)度(du)降(jiang)低，同時降(jiang)低了廠房設施的(de)高(gao)度(du)，而且也提高(gao)了設備(bei)的(de)使(shi)用(yong)效率。但(dan)是，隨之穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)筒(tong)(tong)的(de)快速和(he)精確定位及固(gu)定比較困難(nan)，搞得不(bu)好會影(ying)響穿(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)(chuan)孔(kong)后空心(xin)坯(pi)壁厚的(de)精度(du)。

 雙穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒結構的穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)機，穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒具(ju)有4個(ge)工位(wei)，在這些工位(wei)上(shang)依次完成以(yi)下工序：把(ba)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)坯料裝入(ru)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒，進行(xing)坯料的鐓粗和(he)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)，從穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒中頂出空心(xin)坯，進行(xing)穿孔(kong)(kong)(kong)筒內(nei)襯的清理(li)。

 美國 Lone Star鋼(gang)(gang)廠55MN（5500t)臥(wo)式鋼(gang)(gang)管擠(ji)壓機相(xiang)配(pei)套的25MN(2500t)立式穿孔機的主要性(xing)能(neng)如下：

 穿孔機配(pei)置有自動控制系統(tong)，可用于：（1)管坯(pi)的(de)鐓粗和(he)穿孔；（2)帶預(yu)鉆孔和(he)錐形(xing)輔(fu)助孔坯(pi)料的(de)擴孔。