不銹鋼電解拋光工藝流程要根據表面不同的情形、不銹鋼的種類選擇適合的操作程序。


工藝(yi)流程 1


  適合于煉鋼出來的(de)材料,表面(mian)有一層氧化(hua)皮,經電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學拋光能(neng)獲得(de)光亮如鏡的(de)表面(mian)。堿性化(hua)學除(chu)油(氫氧化(hua)鈉(na)50~80g/L,碳酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉(na)20~30g/L,磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)三(san)鈉(na)20~30g/L,洗(xi)(xi)衣(yi)粉7~10g/L,溫(wen)度95~100℃,時(shi)間(jian)15~30min)→熱水洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→去污(wu)粉擦洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→上夾(jia)具(ju)(接觸(chu)點用(yong)螺(luo)釘(ding)擰(ning)緊(jin))→下電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學拋光槽[電(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)學拋光液按配(pei)方4,拋光件放(fang)在陽(yang)極上,鉛(qian)板放(fang)在陰極上,陰陽(yang)極面(mian)積(ji)比(bi)1:(2~3.5),調整好陰陽(yang)極之間(jian)距離100~300mm]→給電(dian)(dian)(dian)拋光(電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓6~12V,陽(yang)極電(dian)(dian)(dian)流密度30~60A/d㎡,溫(wen)度50~80℃,時(shi)間(jian)8~3min)→斷電(dian)(dian)(dian)出槽→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→拆卸夾(jia)具(ju)→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→熱水洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→鈍化(hua)處理[硝酸(suan)(suan)(suan)(d=1.40)600~700mL/L,重鉻酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鉀8~10g/L,室溫(wen),時(shi)間(jian)30~40min]→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)水洗(xi)(xi)→中(zhong)和(he)(碳酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鈉(na)20~30g/L,室溫(wen),時(shi)間(jian)2min)→熱水洗(xi)(xi)→干燥(0.3~0.5MPa壓縮空氣吹(chui)干并烘干)。


工藝流程 2


 采用(yong)三次不同的拋(pao)(pao)光方(fang)法。拋(pao)(pao)光不銹鋼零(ling)件可(ke)按此工序(xu)進行。機械拋(pao)(pao)光→化學除油→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→酸(suan)(suan)蝕(shi)(工業鹽酸(suan)(suan)加緩蝕(shi)劑六亞甲基四胺1~2g/L,室(shi)溫,時間1.0~2min;或工業硫酸(suan)(suan)200~250g/L,緩蝕(shi)劑硫脲0.3~0.5g/L,溫度80~98℃,時間3~5min)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→化學拋(pao)(pao)光(按表3-1中配方(fang)8或其他(ta))→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→電解拋(pao)(pao)光(按表3-3中配方(fang),適(shi)當選取)→熱(re)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→鈍化→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→中和→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→冷(leng)(leng)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)→熱(re)水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(90~98℃)→烘干。


工藝流程 3


 適合于切削加工馬氏體不銹鋼制品,經一次電化學拋光、鈍化得成品。裝夾具→電化學除油(氫氧化鈉15~25g/L,碳酸鈉25~35g/L,磷酸三鈉10~20g/L,溫度55~60℃,陽極DA2~5A/d㎡2,時間1~2min)→熱水洗→冷水洗→酸蝕[硫酸(d=1.84)10%~15%(質量分數),室溫,30~60秒]→冷水洗→電化學拋光(溶液按表3-3配方7配制)→冷水洗→冷水洗→鈍化(硝酸250mL/L,重鉻酸鉀20g/L,室溫,時間<30min;或重鉻酸鉀15g/L,氫氧化鈉3g/L,pH6.5~7.5,溫度60~80℃,時間3min)→冷水洗→冷水洗→中和(只用鈍化前一個配方時進行,碳酸鈉20~30g/L)→冷水洗→冷水洗→熱水洗→干燥(壓縮空氣吹干)。


工藝流程 4


 適合于有焊接(jie)縫氧化(hua)(hua)皮的不銹鋼。裝夾(jia)具→除(chu)油(you)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→去氧化(hua)(hua)皮(氫(qing)氧化(hua)(hua)鈉95~105g/L,碳酸(suan)鈉100~200g/L,高錳酸(suan)鉀(jia)80~90g/L,溫(wen)度60~70℃,零(ling)件(jian)掛(gua)陽極,DA35~45A/d㎡2,時間(jian)7~9min,陰極掛(gua)鉛(qian)板)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→酸(suan)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)[硫(liu)酸(suan)10%~15%(質量分數(shu))]→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→光亮浸(jin)蝕(硫(liu)酸(suan)100mL/L,硝(xiao)酸(suan)170mL/L,氫(qing)氟(fu)酸(suan)50mL/L,室(shi)溫(wen),5~10min)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→電化(hua)(hua)學拋光(按表(biao)3-3配(pei)方11進行)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→鈍化(hua)(hua)(硝(xiao)酸(suan)500mL/L,重鉻(ge)酸(suan)鉀(jia)10g/L,室(shi)溫(wen),時間(jian)10min)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→中和(碳酸(suan)鈉20~30g/L,室(shi)溫(wen),2min)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→熱水(shui)(shui)洗(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)(xi)→吹干→下夾(jia)具。