2004年以(yi)后歐盟統一(yi)頒布的EN10216-5《壓力(li)應用(yong)無縫不銹鋼管》、EN10297-7《機械結構用無縫不銹鋼管》、EN10217-7《壓力應用焊接不銹鋼管》及EN10296-2《機械結構用焊接不銹鋼管》4個不銹鋼管標準中，外觀質量一節有幾乎完全相同的條款：

一、鋼管內外表面(mian)不得存在可(ke)目測(ce)到的缺陷。

二、鋼(gang)管內外表(biao)面(mian)(mian)必(bi)須采(cai)用(yong)規定的(de)制造方法精(jing)整(zheng)，包括經(jing)過適當的(de)熱處理。通(tong)常這種精(jing)整(zheng)所有(you)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)瑕疵均已(yi)作了一致性的(de)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)修(xiu)整(zheng)。

三、只能采(cai)用磨或刮削方法進行表面(mian)瑕疵修(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)，修(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)后修(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)部位壁(bi)厚(hou)不得(de)小于最(zui)小規定值，所有(you)修(xiu)(xiu)整(zheng)(zheng)部位應(ying)光(guang)順地(di)過渡到(dao)鋼管的輪(lun)廓。

四、侵(qin)害到(dao)所(suo)規定(ding)最小壁厚(hou)的表面瑕(xia)疵必須判(pan)為(wei)缺陷，包含此類缺陷的鋼管(guan)必須判(pan)定(ding)為(wei)不符合(he)標準。

五、僅(jin)在(zai)購方同意(yi)時(shi)才能允許對(dui)焊(han)(han)縫進行(xing)修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)，修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)應在(zai)熱處(chu)理前(qian)進行(xing)并經NDT。修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)焊(han)(han)縫可添(tian)加(jia)或不添(tian)加(jia)填充焊(han)(han)絲，但添(tian)加(jia)焊(han)(han)絲僅(jin)適用于OD≥168.3mm的(de)焊(han)(han)管(guan)。修(xiu)補(bu)(bu)(bu)長度不得超過(guo)焊(han)(han)縫總長度的(de)20%，并必須按所(suo)編(bian)制的(de)焊(han)(han)接工藝評(ping)定規范進行(xing)操作。此條(tiao)款僅(jin)為(wei)焊(han)(han)管(guan)標(biao)準所(suo)列。值得指出的(de)是，筆者注意(yi)到：

    ①上述第（4）或(huo)(huo)第（5）條幾乎是(shi)歐盟所(suo)有其他鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)，其中包括EN10216-1《室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-2《高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)及(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-3《壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)細(xi)晶(jing)粒無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10216-4《低(di)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)及(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10217-1《室(shi)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-2《高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)及(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-3《壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)細(xi)晶(jing)粒合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-4《低(di)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)電(dian)阻焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-5《高(gao)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)SAW非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)及(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10217-6《低(di)溫(wen)(wen)壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)SAW非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10296-1《機(ji)械(xie)(xie)結構用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)及(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10297-1《機(ji)械(xie)(xie)結構用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)非(fei)合(he)金(jin)(jin)及(ji)合(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)》，EN10305-1《精(jing)(jing)(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫冷(leng)拔鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-2《精(jing)(jing)(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)冷(leng)拔焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-3《精(jing)(jing)(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)力(li)(li)(li)(li)冷(leng)定徑焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-4《氣和(he)(he)液壓(ya)(ya)系統(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫冷(leng)拔鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-5《冷(leng)精(jing)(jing)(jing)整方或(huo)(huo)矩形焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》、EN10305-6《氣和(he)(he)液壓(ya)(ya)系統(tong)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)冷(leng)拔焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)》所(suo)有壓(ya)(ya)力(li)(li)(li)(li)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、結構或(huo)(huo)機(ji)械(xie)(xie)應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)、精(jing)(jing)(jing)密應(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)(ying)用(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)(yong)的無(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)縫或(huo)(huo)焊(han)(han)管(guan)(guan)(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)所(suo)共有的。

②唯一的(de)區(qu)別(bie)是幾乎所有(you)所列的(de)非(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)或(huo)非(fei)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)的(de)其他合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)標準中(zhong)（除(chu)EN10305-1～6、EN10216-1、和EN10217-1外）大都(dou)還附(fu)加(jia)“有(you)深(shen)度(du)大于5%t或(huo)3mm（兩者(zhe)較(jiao)小值）的(de)不(bu)連續性必須作(zuo)修整(zheng)，但深(shen)度(du)≤0.3mm的(de)瑕疵則不(bu)必作(zuo)修整(zheng)”的(de)文(wen)字(zi)，而(er)在所有(you)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)（及精(jing)密應用鋼(gang)管(guan)）標準中(zhong)，是沒有(you)這些文(wen)字(zi)的(de)。顯然這是從(cong)保障不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)的(de)耐局部腐蝕性出發制(zhi)定的(de)十分(fen)必要的(de)合(he)(he)理(li)要求。除(chu)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)管(guan)以(yi)外，其他所有(you)非(fei)合(he)(he)金(jin)(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)均(jun)不(bu)具備抗(kang)腐蝕和局部腐蝕性，因而(er)也就可允許表面(mian)存在0.3mm甚至更深(shen)的(de)不(bu)連續性存在，可見這是一條十分(fen)重(zhong)要的(de)原則區(qu)別(bie)。

③EN10312：2003，即薄壁（t=0.6～3mm）水輸送用標(biao)準(zhun)的外(wai)觀質量一節中只(zhi)包含(han)上(shang)述第(di)（1）、第(di)（4）和第(di)（5）條款(kuan)，另有“焊(han)(han)接條件應嚴(yan)加(jia)控(kong)(kong)制以使焊(han)(han)縫熱色差最小而保證耐蝕(shi)性不致降低”的敘述。說明該標(biao)準(zhun)所(suo)指薄(bo)壁不銹鋼(gang)焊(han)(han)管只(zhi)要(yao)嚴(yan)格控(kong)(kong)制焊(han)(han)接參數就(jiu)可以保證耐蝕(shi)性所(suo)要(yao)求的表面質量基本要(yao)求而無需(xu)另作(zuo)精整(zheng)。

④焊接不銹鋼管(guan)(guan)只要(yao)經過(guo)冷拔或冷定徑/精整都可以達到精密應用(yong)要(yao)求，其(qi)中包括方形及(ji)矩形焊管(guan)(guan)。