懸臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)常用于管道的(de)(de)承重或導向(xiang)。此類支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)是應用比(bi)較多的(de)(de)一種(zhong)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)形式(shi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)的(de)(de)種(zhong)類也比(bi)較多。按(an)(an)(an)生(sheng)根(gen)條件(jian)分(fen)，可分(fen)為生(sheng)根(gen)在鋼結構(gou)梁柱(zhu)上(shang)的(de)(de)懸臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)和(he)生(sheng)根(gen)在設備上(shang)的(de)(de)懸臂(bei)(bei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)兩種(zhong)；按(an)(an)(an)有無斜撐來分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為懸臂(bei)(bei)式(shi)和(he)三角(jiao)式(shi)兩種(zhong)；按(an)(an)(an)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承的(de)(de)作用來分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為承重型和(he)導向(xiang)型兩種(zhong)；按(an)(an)(an)懸臂(bei)(bei)的(de)(de)數量來分(fen)則(ze)分(fen)為單(dan)肢型和(he)雙肢型兩種(zhong)。
1. 在鋼結(jie)構梁柱上生根的懸臂(bei)支架(jia) 此類支架(jia)常見類型如圖9-33所示。
圖9-33中(zhong)共(gong)給(gei)出了(le)A、B、C三種形式。A型(xing)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承荷(he)載較(jiao)小的情(qing)況，其長度(du)L最大一般不(bu)宜超(chao)(chao)過600mm。B型(xing)、C型(xing)常(chang)用(yong)(yong)(yong)于(yu)支(zhi)承荷(he)載較(jiao)大的情(qing)況，其長度(du)L最大一般不(bu)宜超(chao)(chao)過1200mm。支(zhi)架承受(shou)的荷(he)載大小視所選(xuan)用(yong)(yong)(yong)型(xing)鋼的規格和荷(he)載作用(yong)(yong)(yong)點(dian)到梁(liang)柱的距(ju)離而定(ding)。
這類(lei)支(zhi)架一般均用(yong)角鋼、槽鋼等做(zuo)受力部件(jian)。它可與(yu)(yu)滑動管托、導(dao)向(xiang)管托等配合(he)使用(yong)，分(fen)別用(yong)于水平保溫管道的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)導(dao)向(xiang)，也可與(yu)(yu)固(gu)定(ding)管托、導(dao)向(xiang)管托、管卡(ka)等配合(he)使用(yong)，分(fen)別用(yong)于垂直保溫管道的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)和(he)(he)導(dao)向(xiang)及光管的(de)承(cheng)重(zhong)(zhong)（僅限于DN≤40mm的(de)情況）和(he)(he)導(dao)向(xiang)。
2. 在設(she)備上(shang)生(sheng)根的(de)(de)懸(xuan)臂支架(jia) 此類支架(jia)常用(yong)于沿立(li)式設(she)備（如塔、罐等(deng)）上(shang)敷設(she)的(de)(de)豎直(zhi)管道的(de)(de)承重和導向。常見的(de)(de)形式如圖9-34所(suo)示。
圖9-34中共給(gei)出了A、B、C、D四種(zhong)形式，它(ta)們的適用場合分(fen)述(shu)如下。
A型一(yi)般用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)DN≤150mm的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)。它通過與(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡、固(gu)定(ding)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)、滑動(dong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配(pei)合，分別用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)光(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)（帶(dai)支耳時）、光(guang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)、保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道的(de)(de)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)和導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)。當(dang)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)時，與(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)卡或(huo)(huo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)配(pei)合的(de)(de)螺栓(shuan)孔應(ying)為橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)橢圓形，以適(shi)(shi)應(ying)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道有(you)少量的(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)位移。B型一(yi)般適(shi)(shi)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)DN200mm～350mm的(de)(de)情況(kuang)下(xia)，使(shi)用方法同A型。C型適(shi)(shi)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)DN=400~600mm的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)承(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)重(zhong)。當(dang)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)時，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)距(ju)(ju)離應(ying)加大(da)一(yi)些，以適(shi)(shi)應(ying)隔熱厚度的(de)(de)要求。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)不保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)時，雙(shuang)肢(zhi)(zhi)間(jian)的(de)(de)距(ju)(ju)離應(ying)盡可能小。D型適(shi)(shi)用于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)DN＝400mm~600mm 的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)導(dao)向(xiang)(xiang)。 當(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)有(you)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)時，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)四周應(ying)有(you)滑動(dong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)，且管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)高度應(ying)大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)厚度。當(dang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)不保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)時，應(ying)將管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)去掉并(bing)代之以厚度為4mm的(de)(de)鋼板(ban)，以防止(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)發(fa)生位移時，支架(jia)劃傷管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)。無(wu)論保(bao)(bao)(bao)溫(wen)(wen)(wen)與(yu)(yu)否，都(dou)應(ying)控(kong)制支架(jia)內壁與(yu)(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)托(tuo)或(huo)(huo)鋼板(ban)之間(jian)有(you)不大(da)于(yu)(yu)(yu)(yu)3mm的(de)(de)間(jian)隙。
上(shang)述形式均(jun)適用于設備不允許現場(chang)焊接(jie)的情況。當設備允許現場(chang)焊接(jie)時，可將生(sheng)根部(bu)件換(huan)成貼合(he)鋼墊板，而中間(jian)支(zhi)(zhi)承件直接(jie)焊在貼合(he)鋼墊板上(shang)即可，這(zhe)樣(yang)處理的結果可以簡化支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)形式，也便于減少(shao)支(zhi)(zhi)承誤差，同時增加了支(zhi)(zhi)架(jia)的可靠(kao)性。
