換熱器是冷凝器中主要部件,其中孔盤與筒體的連接是純銅T2與不銹鋼 06Cr18Ni11Ti 的焊接。
1. 焊(han)接(jie)性(xing)分析(xi)
為了減少孔(kong)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)與筒體(ti)焊(han)(han)接時產生較大的(de)(de)(de)焊(han)(han)接拘束力,避免焊(han)(han)接接頭(tou)有形成裂紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)可能(neng),改變(bian)了孔(kong)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)原有結構(gou)。將(jiang)孔(kong)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)改為焊(han)(han)接件(jian),在孔(kong)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)上增加過(guo)渡(du)段06Cr18Ni11Ti與孔(kong)盤(pan)(pan)(pan)進行對接焊(han)(han),如(ru)圖(tu)5-47所示(shi)。然后(hou)過(guo)渡(du)段與筒體(ti)均為同一材(cai)質的(de)(de)(de)06Cr18Ni11Ti,便于施焊(han)(han)。
2. 工藝過程
a. 將過渡段分成(cheng)3~6等(deng)份與孔盤(pan)組成(cheng)環焊(han)縫(feng),然(ran)后再(zai)焊(han)過渡段的縱焊(han)縫(feng),以(yi)此減(jian)少焊(han)接拘束力。
b. 孔(kong)盤與過渡段施焊(han)(han)以前要對(dui)孔(kong)盤進(jin)行預(yu)熱,預(yu)熱溫度為400~500℃。采(cai)用(yong)焊(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)焊(han)(han)施焊(han)(han),選(xuan)用(yong)T227焊(han)(han)條(tiao)(tiao),直(zhi)徑為3.2mm。焊(han)(han)接電(dian)(dian)(dian)流140~160A,電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)電(dian)(dian)(dian)壓為25~30V。施焊(han)(han)時,電(dian)(dian)(dian)弧(hu)應偏向(xiang)純銅(tong)側,才能得到滿(man)意的焊(han)(han)接接頭(tou)。
c. 焊(han)接分(fen)成3~6等(deng)分(fen)過渡段的縱(zong)焊(han)縫,仍(reng)采用焊(han)條(tiao)電(dian)弧(hu)焊(han),選用A102焊(han)條(tiao),直徑為(wei)(wei)3.2mm,焊(han)接電(dian)流為(wei)(wei)90~110A,電(dian)弧(hu)電(dian)壓(ya)為(wei)(wei)25~30V。
d. 最后組裝(zhuang)法蘭、筒體與帶有過渡段(duan)的孔盤進行焊(han)條(tiao)電弧焊(han),獲得成(cheng)功,未發現裂紋(wen)。