空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)器(qi)(qi)（簡稱(cheng)空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)(qi)）是以環境空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作為冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)介質，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)高溫工藝(yi)流(liu)體的(de)(de)換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)，也稱(cheng)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)。管內的(de)(de)熱(re)流(liu)體通過(guo)管壁和(he)翅片(pian)與管外(wai)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進行換(huan)熱(re)，所用(yong)的(de)(de)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)通常由通風(feng)機供給。空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)器(qi)(qi)可(ke)用(yong)于冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)或冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝，廣泛應用(yong)于：煉(lian)(lian)油(you)(you)、石油(you)(you)化工塔(ta)頂(ding)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝；回流(liu)油(you)(you)、塔(ta)底油(you)(you)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)；各種反(fan)應生(sheng)成物的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)；循環氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)體的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)和(he)電站汽輪(lun)機排氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)凝。工作壓力(li)可(ke)達69MPa。但耗電量(liang)、噪聲和(he)占地面積均大(da)，冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)效果受(shou)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)候變化影響較(jiao)大(da)。空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)器(qi)(qi)標準主要有API 661《煉(lian)(lian)油(you)(you)廠用(yong)通用(yong)空(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)(que)換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)》、ISO 13706《石油(you)(you)、石化和(he)天然氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)工業風(feng)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)》、GB／T 15386《空(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)(leng)式換(huan)熱(re)器(qi)(qi)》等。
1. 空氣(qi)冷(leng)卻(que)器的結構
空氣冷(leng)卻器主(zhu)要由管(guan)束、通風機、構架(jia)及(ji)百葉窗等組成(cheng)，如圖(tu)7.12所示。
空氣冷(leng)卻器管(guan)束包(bao)括傳熱(re)管(guan)、管(guan)箱、側(ce)梁(liang)和橫梁(liang)等。它可(ke)按臥(wo)式、立(li)式和斜頂(ding)式（人字式）3種基本形式布(bu)置，見圖(tu)7.13。其中，臥(wo)式布(bu)置傳熱(re)面積(ji)大，空氣分布(bu)均勻，傳熱(re)效果好；斜頂(ding)式布(bu)置時，通風機安(an)裝在人字中央(yang)空間，占地面積(ji)小，結(jie)構緊湊。為(wei)抵消空氣側(ce)的(de)給熱(re)系數較低的(de)影響，通常采用(yong)光管(guan)外壁裝翅片的(de)管(guan)子(zi)。
2. 空冷器的分類
①. 按空冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)管束布(bu)置形式(shi)分類：水平式(shi)全(quan)冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)；斜頂(ding)式(shi)空冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)；立(li)式(shi)空冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)；圓(yuan)環(huan)式(shi)空冷(leng)(leng)器(qi)。
②. 按空(kong)冷器通(tong)風方式(shi)(shi)分(fen)類：自然通(tong)風式(shi)(shi)全冷器；鼓(gu)風式(shi)(shi)空(kong)冷器；引(yin)風式(shi)(shi)空(kong)冷器。
③. 按(an)空(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)冷(leng)卻方式(shi)分(fen)類(lei)：干(gan)式(shi)全冷(leng)器(qi)：濕(shi)式(shi)空(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)；干(gan)濕(shi)聯合空(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)；兩(liang)側噴淋聯合空(kong)冷(leng)器(qi)。
④. 按(an)空冷(leng)(leng)器風量控(kong)制(zhi)方式(shi)分類：百(bai)葉窗(chuang)調節式(shi)全冷(leng)(leng)器；可變(bian)角(jiao)調節式(shi)空冷(leng)(leng)器；電(dian)動(dong)機調速(su)式(shi)空冷(leng)(leng)器。
圖7.14所示為不同類(lei)型(xing)空(kong)冷器示意圖。
3. 空冷器的優(you)點與缺點
