支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)又(you)叫支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座、鞍(an)座、鞍(an)形管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座或(huo)加強(qiang)(qiang)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，有(you)的(de)(de)也(ye)稱為半管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭，提供了一個(ge)大(da)(da)口徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)向小口徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)分(fen)支(zhi)，支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)焊(han)接(jie)其(qi)上的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)稱為主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，焊(han)接(jie)于支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)之上的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)稱為支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)補強(qiang)(qiang)措施以避免裂(lie)紋、角焊(han)縫和邊的(de)(de)錐形增(zeng)固，從而避免管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件和主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊(han)接(jie)時發生(sheng)的(de)(de)壁厚(hou)陡變。強(qiang)(qiang)型管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件，代(dai)(dai)替使用(yong)異徑(jing)三通、補強(qiang)(qiang)板(ban)、加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段等支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接(jie)形式，具(ju)有(you)安全(quan)可靠、降低造(zao)價［可代(dai)(dai)替插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（sstub-inn），其(qi)強(qiang)(qiang)度較插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)強(qiang)(qiang)很多(duo)，不(bu)需加強(qiang)(qiang)板(ban)，且比(bi)有(you)加強(qiang)(qiang)板(ban)的(de)(de)插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)便宜］、施工(gong)簡單、改善介質(zhi)流道(dao)、系(xi)列標準(zhun)化、設計選用(yong)方便等突出(chu)優點，尤(you)其(qi)在高壓、高溫、大(da)(da)口徑(jing)、厚(hou)壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中(zhong)使用(yong)日益廣泛，取代(dai)(dai)了傳統的(de)(de)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接(jie)方法。

  支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)本體采用(yong)(yong)優質鍛件(jian)，用(yong)(yong)材與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道材料相同，有(you)碳鋼、合(he)金鋼、不銹鋼等(deng)(deng)。支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座與(yu)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)均(jun)采用(yong)(yong)焊(han)接，與(yu)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)或(huo)其他管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)［如短管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、絲(si)堵（plug）等(deng)(deng)］、儀表、閥門的連(lian)接有(you)對焊(han)連(lian)接、承插(cha)焊(han)連(lian)接、螺紋(wen)連(lian)接3種(zhong)形式(shi)(shi)。支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)常用(yong)(yong)制造和(he)尺寸等(deng)(deng)執行標(biao)準有(you)MSS SP-97《整體加(jia)強鍛制分支(zhi)引(yin)出端(duan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)-承插(cha)焊(han)式(shi)(shi)、螺紋(wen)式(shi)(shi)與(yu)對焊(han)式(shi)(shi)端(duan)頭(tou)》、GB／T19326《鋼制承插(cha)焊(han)、螺紋(wen)和(he)對焊(han)支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座》、HG／T 21632《鍛鋼承插(cha)焊(han)螺紋(wen)和(he)對焊(han)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)(tai)》等(deng)(deng)標(biao)準。

  法蘭連(lian)接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)件(jian)多用于(yu)特殊配(pei)管(guan)(guan)場合，實際用量相對比較少(shao)。其他常用的管(guan)(guan)件(jian)還(huan)有加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，例如(ru)螺(luo)紋加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（threadolet）、承(cheng)插(cha)(cha)焊加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（sockolet）、對焊加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（weldolet）、插(cha)(cha)入加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、斜接(jie)(jie)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（latrolet）、彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以(yi)及馬(ma)鞍座(zuo)（sweepolet）加(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)強管(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。

  典型加(jia)強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)如圖4.6.14所(suo)(suo)示。這些加(jia)強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)可直接(jie)(jie)焊(han)在主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上，與三通(tong)一(yi)樣從主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上引(yin)出支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，不(bu)需(xu)另外補(bu)強，適用(yong)于(yu)高、中壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)。國內有化工(gong)標準HG／T 21632《鍛鋼承插焊(han)螺(luo)紋和(he)對焊(han)接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》。圖4.6.14（e）所(suo)(suo)示的(de)(de)(de)插入(ru)加(jia)強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)加(jia)強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以及 sweepolet加(jia)強管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)與主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)焊(han)縫可進行無(wu)損探(tan)傷(shang)檢查，焊(han)接(jie)(jie)可靠，克服了“馬鞍焊(han)”的(de)(de)(de)角(jiao)焊(han)縫質(zhi)量不(bu)易保證、檢查困難的(de)(de)(de)缺點，適用(yong)于(yu)火災危(wei)險分類(lei)為甲(jia)、乙(yi)類(lei)介質(zhi)和(he)劇毒(du)介質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)，是理想的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)。圖4.6.14（f）所(suo)(suo)示是承插焊(han)和(he)螺(luo)紋連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)(de)變徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)(tou)，用(yong)于(yu)DN50以下管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)及其(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)配件的(de)(de)(de)連(lian)(lian)接(jie)(jie)。

  例如：某項目的材料描述為“WELDOLET DN 800×15，Sch80＞800×15 ，Sch80×1600”，意思是：主管規格是DN800，Sch80，支管規格是：DN15，Sch160。