支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺又叫支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座、鞍座、鞍形(xing)(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座或加強(qiang)(qiang)接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，有(you)的(de)(de)也稱為(wei)半管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接頭，提供了(le)一個大口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)向小口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的(de)(de)分支(zhi)(zhi)，支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺焊(han)接其上的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)稱為(wei)主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，焊(han)接于支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺之上的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)稱為(wei)支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)補強(qiang)(qiang)措施以(yi)避免裂紋、角焊(han)縫和邊(bian)的(de)(de)錐形(xing)(xing)增固，從而避免管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)和主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊(han)接時發生的(de)(de)壁(bi)厚陡變(bian)。強(qiang)(qiang)型管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)，代(dai)替使(shi)用(yong)異徑(jing)(jing)三通、補強(qiang)(qiang)板(ban)、加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段等支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接形(xing)(xing)式，具有(you)安全可(ke)靠、降低(di)造(zao)價［可(ke)代(dai)替插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（sstub-inn），其強(qiang)(qiang)度較插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)強(qiang)(qiang)很(hen)多，不需加強(qiang)(qiang)板(ban)，且比(bi)有(you)加強(qiang)(qiang)板(ban)的(de)(de)插(cha)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)便宜］、施工簡單(dan)、改善介質流道(dao)(dao)、系列標準(zhun)化(hua)、設(she)計選用(yong)方便等突出優點(dian)，尤(you)其在高(gao)壓、高(gao)溫、大口(kou)(kou)徑(jing)(jing)、厚壁(bi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)中(zhong)使(shi)用(yong)日益廣泛(fan)，取代(dai)了(le)傳統(tong)的(de)(de)支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連接方法。

  支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)臺(tai)本體采(cai)用(yong)優質鍛(duan)(duan)件，用(yong)材與(yu)管(guan)(guan)道(dao)材料(liao)相同(tong)，有碳鋼(gang)(gang)、合金鋼(gang)(gang)、不(bu)銹鋼(gang)(gang)等(deng)。支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)座與(yu)主管(guan)(guan)均采(cai)用(yong)焊(han)(han)(han)接，與(yu)支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)或其他管(guan)(guan)［如短管(guan)(guan)、絲堵（plug）等(deng)］、儀(yi)表、閥門的連(lian)(lian)接有對焊(han)(han)(han)連(lian)(lian)接、承插焊(han)(han)(han)連(lian)(lian)接、螺紋連(lian)(lian)接3種形(xing)式(shi)(shi)。支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)臺(tai)常用(yong)制(zhi)(zhi)造和(he)尺寸等(deng)執行標準有MSS SP-97《整體加強鍛(duan)(duan)制(zhi)(zhi)分支(zhi)(zhi)引出端管(guan)(guan)件-承插焊(han)(han)(han)式(shi)(shi)、螺紋式(shi)(shi)與(yu)對焊(han)(han)(han)式(shi)(shi)端頭》、GB／T19326《鋼(gang)(gang)制(zhi)(zhi)承插焊(han)(han)(han)、螺紋和(he)對焊(han)(han)(han)支(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)座》、HG／T 21632《鍛(duan)(duan)鋼(gang)(gang)承插焊(han)(han)(han)螺紋和(he)對焊(han)(han)(han)接管(guan)(guan)臺(tai)》等(deng)標準。

  法(fa)蘭連接(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)多用(yong)于特殊配管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)場合(he)，實際(ji)用(yong)量相對(dui)比(bi)較少。其他常用(yong)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)還有(you)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，例(li)如螺紋加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（threadolet）、承插焊(han)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（sockolet）、對(dui)焊(han)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（weldolet）、插入加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、斜接(jie)(jie)(jie)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（latrolet）、彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以及馬鞍座（sweepolet）加強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。

  典型加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)如圖(tu)4.6.14所(suo)示(shi)。這些加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)可(ke)直(zhi)接(jie)(jie)(jie)焊(han)在(zai)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)(shang)，與三通一樣從(cong)主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)上(shang)(shang)引出支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，不(bu)需(xu)另外(wai)補強(qiang)(qiang)，適用于高、中壓管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道。國內(nei)有(you)化工(gong)標準HG／T 21632《鍛鋼承插(cha)焊(han)螺紋和(he)對焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》。圖(tu)4.6.14（e）所(suo)示(shi)的(de)插(cha)入加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、彎(wan)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以及 sweepolet加強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)與主(zhu)(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)焊(han)縫可(ke)進(jin)行無損探(tan)傷檢查，焊(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)可(ke)靠(kao)，克服了“馬鞍焊(han)”的(de)角(jiao)焊(han)縫質(zhi)量不(bu)易(yi)保證、檢查困(kun)難的(de)缺點，適用于火災危險分類(lei)為(wei)甲、乙(yi)類(lei)介質(zhi)和(he)劇毒(du)介質(zhi)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道，是理想(xiang)的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。圖(tu)4.6.14（f）所(suo)示(shi)是承插(cha)焊(han)和(he)螺紋連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)的(de)變徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)(jie)(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，用于DN50以下(xia)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道及其管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)配件(jian)的(de)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)。

  例如：某項目的材料描述為“WELDOLET DN 800×15，Sch80＞800×15 ，Sch80×1600”，意思是：主管規格是DN800，Sch80，支管規格是：DN15，Sch160。