支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)又叫支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座(zuo)(zuo)、鞍座(zuo)(zuo)、鞍形(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)座(zuo)(zuo)或加(jia)強(qiang)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，有的也(ye)稱為(wei)(wei)半(ban)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭，提供了一個大口徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)向小口徑管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)的分支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)焊(han)接(jie)其(qi)上的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)稱為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，焊(han)接(jie)于支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)臺(tai)之上的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)稱為(wei)(wei)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)補(bu)強(qiang)措施(shi)以避(bi)免裂紋、角(jiao)焊(han)縫和(he)(he)邊(bian)的錐形(xing)增(zeng)固，從而避(bi)免管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件和(he)(he)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)焊(han)接(jie)時發生的壁厚(hou)陡變。強(qiang)型管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件，代(dai)替使用異徑三通、補(bu)強(qiang)板(ban)(ban)、加(jia)強(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)段(duan)等支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)形(xing)式，具有安(an)全可靠、降低造(zao)價(jia)［可代(dai)替插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)（sstub-inn），其(qi)強(qiang)度較(jiao)插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)強(qiang)很多，不需加(jia)強(qiang)板(ban)(ban)，且比有加(jia)強(qiang)板(ban)(ban)的插管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)便宜］、施(shi)工簡單(dan)、改善介質流道(dao)、系(xi)列標(biao)準(zhun)化、設計選(xuan)用方(fang)便等突(tu)出優點，尤其(qi)在高壓、高溫、大口徑、厚(hou)壁管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)中使用日益廣泛，取代(dai)了傳統的支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)方(fang)法。

  支管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺本體(ti)采用(yong)優質鍛件，用(yong)材(cai)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道材(cai)料相同，有碳(tan)鋼(gang)、合金鋼(gang)、不銹鋼(gang)等。支管(guan)(guan)(guan)座與(yu)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)均采用(yong)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)，與(yu)支管(guan)(guan)(guan)或其他(ta)管(guan)(guan)(guan)［如短管(guan)(guan)(guan)、絲(si)堵(du)（plug）等］、儀表(biao)、閥門的連(lian)接(jie)(jie)有對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)、承(cheng)插(cha)焊(han)(han)(han)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)、螺紋(wen)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)3種形式。支管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺常用(yong)制造和尺寸等執行標準(zhun)有MSS SP-97《整體(ti)加強鍛制分支引(yin)出端(duan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)件-承(cheng)插(cha)焊(han)(han)(han)式、螺紋(wen)式與(yu)對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)式端(duan)頭(tou)》、GB／T19326《鋼(gang)制承(cheng)插(cha)焊(han)(han)(han)、螺紋(wen)和對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)支管(guan)(guan)(guan)座》、HG／T 21632《鍛鋼(gang)承(cheng)插(cha)焊(han)(han)(han)螺紋(wen)和對(dui)焊(han)(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》等標準(zhun)。

  法蘭連(lian)接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件多(duo)用(yong)于(yu)特殊配管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)場合，實(shi)際用(yong)量相對比較少。其他常用(yong)的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件還有加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭，例如螺紋加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭（threadolet）、承插焊(han)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭（sockolet）、對焊(han)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭（weldolet）、插入加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭（insert weldolet）、斜接(jie)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭（latrolet）、彎(wan)頭加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭（elbolet）以(yi)及馬鞍座（sweepolet）加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭。

  典型加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)如圖(tu)4.6.14所(suo)示(shi)(shi)。這(zhe)些加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)可直接(jie)焊在主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)上，與(yu)(yu)三(san)通(tong)一樣從主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)上引出支(zhi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，不需另(ling)外補(bu)強(qiang)(qiang)，適(shi)用(yong)于高、中壓(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道。國內有(you)化工(gong)標準HG／T 21632《鍛鋼(gang)承插焊螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)和對焊接(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)臺》。圖(tu)4.6.14（e）所(suo)示(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)插入加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（insert weldolet）、彎頭(tou)(tou)(tou)加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)（elbolet）以(yi)及 sweepolet加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)與(yu)(yu)主(zhu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)連(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)焊縫(feng)可進行無損探傷檢(jian)查(cha)，焊接(jie)可靠，克服了(le)“馬鞍焊”的(de)(de)角焊縫(feng)質(zhi)(zhi)量不易保證、檢(jian)查(cha)困難的(de)(de)缺點，適(shi)用(yong)于火災危險(xian)分類為甲、乙類介質(zhi)(zhi)和劇毒介質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)道，是理想的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)。圖(tu)4.6.14（f）所(suo)示(shi)(shi)是承插焊和螺(luo)紋(wen)(wen)連(lian)接(jie)的(de)(de)變徑(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)接(jie)頭(tou)(tou)(tou)，用(yong)于DN50以(yi)下管(guan)(guan)(guan)道及其(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)配件的(de)(de)連(lian)接(jie)。

  例如：某項目的材料描述為“WELDOLET DN 800×15，Sch80＞800×15 ，Sch80×1600”，意思是：主管規格是DN800，Sch80，支管規格是：DN15，Sch160。