合成塔筒體采用材料為321不銹鋼制作,板厚12mm,筒體直徑940mm,長9m.工作壓力1.76MPa,溫度≤530℃.筒體焊后要求焊縫總長25%進行X射線探傷檢測。


  筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)縱(zong)縫(feng)、環縫(feng)的坡口(kou)(kou)形(xing)式均為V形(xing),如圖5-4所示。坡口(kou)(kou)用(yong)機械加(jia)工(gong)方(fang)法或用(yong)碳(tan)弧氣(qi)(qi)刨(bao)加(jia)工(gong),氣(qi)(qi)刨(bao)后的坡口(kou)(kou)表面要清(qing)除熔渣(zha),并(bing)打磨光亮。筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)所有(you)縱(zong)、環縫(feng)的坡口(kou)(kou)開在筒(tong)(tong)內,鈍(dun)邊開在筒(tong)(tong)外。其(qi)優點是焊根在筒(tong)(tong)外,便(bian)于碳(tan)弧氣(qi)(qi)刨(bao)進(jin)行清(qing)根操作,另外,氣(qi)(qi)刨(bao)產(chan)生的熔渣(zha)不粘在筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)內壁上,保證筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)光潔,提高耐腐蝕性(xing)。


圖 4.jpg


  筒(tong)體成形后裝配(pei)定(ding)位(wei)焊(han)(han)(han),每隔200~250mm定(ding)位(wei)焊(han)(han)(han)25mm,定(ding)位(wei)焊(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)高度為4~5mm.施焊(han)(han)(han)順序(xu)如圖(tu)5-5所示。先在筒(tong)體內焊(han)(han)(han)第1和第2道(第1層),這兩道焊(han)(han)(han)縫(feng)的起(qi)焊(han)(han)(han)和終止(zhi)端應相(xiang)反(fan)。


圖 5.jpg


  然后(hou)(hou)在(zai)筒(tong)外(wai)清根(gen),再焊(han)(han)第(di)3和(he)第(di)4道(第(di)2層(ceng))。同(tong)樣注(zhu)意各道之(zhi)間的焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)方向要相反。這樣焊(han)(han)波錯開避免夾渣(zha)。焊(han)(han)條不(bu)要做(zuo)橫向擺動,對準中心線焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)。清根(gen)時在(zai)筒(tong)外(wai)用碳弧氣刨(bao)進行,碳棒直徑8mm,電流250~300A,碳棒與(yu)(yu)焊(han)(han)縫(feng)夾角45°,刨(bao)槽深(shen)度4mm,將第(di)1層(ceng)焊(han)(han)道根(gen)部可能有缺(que)陷的金屬全部創除,刨(bao)后(hou)(hou)清理熔渣(zha)。第(di)3、4層(ceng)焊(han)(han)道焊(han)(han)完后(hou)(hou),最后(hou)(hou)在(zai)筒(tong)體內焊(han)(han)接(jie)(jie)(jie)與(yu)(yu)腐蝕介質接(jie)(jie)(jie)觸的第(di)5、6層(ceng)焊(han)(han)道。


  環縫在(zai)(zai)筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)外部進行點固,點牢之后將筒(tong)(tong)體(ti)吊放(fang)在(zai)(zai)轉(zhuan)胎上,焊(han)工在(zai)(zai)筒(tong)(tong)內焊(han)接(jie),轉(zhuan)胎轉(zhuan)動開關在(zai)(zai)面罩(zhao)上,由焊(han)工自己控(kong)制(zhi)轉(zhuan)動速(su)度,邊焊(han)邊轉(zhuan),保持平焊(han)位置,施焊(han)次序與縱(zong)縫要(yao)求相同。第1道焊(han)接(jie)時(shi)采用焊(han)條直徑(jing)4mm,焊(han)接(jie)電(dian)流(liu)120~140A.其他各道焊(han)接(jie)電(dian)流(liu)為130~150A.