對不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)管道支(zhi)、吊(diao)架制作,其選型、材質(zhi)、加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)尺(chi)寸應(ying)符合(he)設計(ji)要(yao)(yao)求,要(yao)(yao)檢查(cha)其加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)合(he)格(ge)證或按(an)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖核對。焊(han)接質(zhi)量要(yao)(yao)牢(lao)固,無漏焊(han)、裂紋等缺(que)陷。支(zhi)、吊(diao)架外形規(gui)整(zheng),焊(han)縫表面光潔,整(zheng)體美觀大方。對于工(gong)(gong)(gong)廠加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)的產品,每(mei)一品種應(ying)抽查(cha)10%,且不得小于3件。


  不(bu)銹鋼管道支、吊架安裝與固定一般有埋栽、夾于柱上、預埋件焊接、用膨脹螺栓或射釘固定等多種方法。在各種支、吊架結構圖、表中已對固定方法作了說明,施工要點分析如下。



1. 埋栽(zai)法


  其施工步驟為放線(xian)(xian)、支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架位置定(ding)位、打(da)洞(dong)(dong)、插埋支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)。放線(xian)(xian)也稱放坡,按(an)管道的(de)設計安(an)裝標高(gao)及(ji)坡度(du)要求,在墻(qiang)壁(bi)上用(yong)墨線(xian)(xian)彈畫出(chu)管道安(an)裝坡度(du)線(xian)(xian),或(huo)以(yi)(yi)兩端為基準(zhun)點、確定(ding)標高(gao)后,按(an)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架距離算出(chu)每(mei)點標高(gao),在每(mei)個點畫出(chu)十(shi)字線(xian)(xian)及(ji)打(da)洞(dong)(dong)方塊線(xian)(xian)。打(da)洞(dong)(dong)時用(yong)錘(chui)擊(ji)扁(bian)鑿,沿硅縫先取下(xia)整(zheng)磚,切斷磚時要用(yong)力適(shi)當,以(yi)(yi)免影響洞(dong)(dong)線(xian)(xian)以(yi)(yi)外(wai)的(de)結構(gou),洞(dong)(dong)口尺寸(cun)及(ji)深度(du)依支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)架要求定(ding)。打(da)洞(dong)(dong)完畢清除洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)垃圾(ji),然后澆水,使(shi)洞(dong)(dong)內(nei)四周濕透(tou)。插埋支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)時,先在支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)上畫出(chu)應插入的(de)深度(du),以(yi)(yi)保證(zheng)每(mei)個支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)插入深度(du)相同、滑動支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)座的(de)中心在一(yi)條直線(xian)(xian)上。插入前可(ke)用(yong)細石混凝土先填入一(yi)部(bu)分,最后用(yong)碎石擠牢固并抹平洞(dong)(dong)口。埋栽的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)應平正不扭曲。


2. 夾(jia)柱(zhu)法


  不銹(xiu)鋼管道沿(yan)柱安裝時,可(ke)采用支(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)和夾梁(liang)用螺栓夾緊在柱子上,將支(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)固(gu)定。安裝時,也要通過拉線(xian)或計算出每個柱上的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)標(biao)高,支(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)緊固(gu)前靠柱面部分應作防腐(fu)處(chu)理,如刷紅丹(dan)漆。安裝后(hou)的(de)支(zhi)(zhi)梁(liang)應平正不扭(niu)曲。


3. 預埋件焊接(jie)法


  預(yu)(yu)埋件是(shi)配合土(tu)建施工時(shi)埋入的(de),預(yu)(yu)埋鋼板背面(mian)應(ying)焊上帶鉤的(de)圓鋼,以(yi)保證土(tu)建澆人混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)后牢(lao)固,帶鉤的(de)圓鋼可與混(hun)凝(ning)土(tu)中的(de)鋼筋相焊接(jie)。預(yu)(yu)埋件外表面(mian)要(yao)平正(zheng),標高偏(pian)差不大,這樣才能保證支梁與其焊接(jie)后符(fu)合要(yao)求。


  在土建施工中也可采用埋(mai)設木磚留洞的方(fang)法,作為(wei)預埋(mai)件(jian)或埋(mai)栽支梁時第二次(ci)澆灌混凝土用。


4. 膨脹螺栓或射(she)釘固定法


  這(zhe)種方(fang)法適用(yong)于在(zai)沒有(you)(you)預(yu)留孔(kong)洞的(de)磚石結(jie)構及沒有(you)(you)預(yu)埋鋼(gang)板的(de)混凝(ning)土(tu)、鋼(gang)筋混凝(ning)土(tu)結(jie)構上安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)支架。在(zai)確(que)定支梁安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)位置后,并用(yong)支梁實(shi)物在(zai)安(an)(an)裝(zhuang)處確(que)定鉆(zhan)孔(kong)位置,鉆(zhan)孔(kong),打(da)入膨脹(zhang)螺(luo)栓(shuan),將支梁用(yong)膨脹(zhang)螺(luo)栓(shuan)的(de)螺(luo)母固緊。


26.jpg


  膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)全稱為鋼(gang)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan),它(ta)是一種特殊螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)紋(wen)連(lian)接(jie)件(jian)。型(xing)(xing)(普通型(xing)(xing))由(you)沉(chen)(chen)頭(tou)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、脹(zhang)(zhang)管(guan)、平墊(dian)圈、彈簧墊(dian)圈和六(liu)角螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)組成(cheng),如圖2-26所(suo)示。使用時先用沖擊(ji)鉆(zhan)(zhan)在(zai)安(an)(an)裝位置鉆(zhan)(zhan)一個(ge)相應尺寸的(de)孔,鉆(zhan)(zhan)成(cheng)的(de)孔必須(xu)與構(gou)件(jian)表面垂直,并(bing)將孔內碎屑清(qing)除(chu)干凈。再把螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、脹(zhang)(zhang)管(guan)裝人孔中,然后(hou)(hou)依次把構(gou)件(jian)(或設(she)(she)備(bei))平墊(dian)圈、彈簧墊(dian)圈套在(zai)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)上面,最后(hou)(hou)旋緊螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu),在(zai)旋緊螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)的(de)同(tong)時把螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)逐漸(jian)拔(ba)起,螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)底部呈錐形,將脹(zhang)(zhang)管(guan)逐步脹(zhang)(zhang)開與周(zhou)圍磚體(ti)或混凝土固緊,使螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)、脹(zhang)(zhang)管(guan)、螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)、構(gou)件(jian)(或設(she)(she)備(bei))與墻體(ti)連(lian)接(jie)成(cheng)一個(ge)整體(ti)。I型(xing)(xing)不同(tong)之處是將沉(chen)(chen)頭(tou)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)分成(cheng)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)和錐形螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)母(mu)(mu)兩(liang)個(ge)零件(jian),可以安(an)(an)裝大型(xing)(xing)機器(qi)、設(she)(she)備(bei),使用方法與I型(xing)(xing)相同(tong)。鋼(gang)膨(peng)脹(zhang)(zhang)螺(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)(shuan)規格見表2-12。


  用(yong)(yong)射(she)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)安裝支梁的(de)方法與用(yong)(yong)膨脹(zhang)螺(luo)栓(shuan)法步驟(zou)相(xiang)同(tong),只是用(yong)(yong)射(she)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)槍打人帶螺(luo)紋的(de)射(she)釘(ding)(ding)(ding),最后用(yong)(yong)螺(luo)母(mu)將支梁緊固。射(she)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)規格為(wei)8mm~12mm,操作時就(jiu)將射(she)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)槍頂住(zhu)墻(qiang)壁,用(yong)(yong)力壓死槍頭后扣(kou)動扳機使(shi)射(she)釘(ding)(ding)(ding)射(she)入墻(qiang)內。