1986年1月原冶(ye)金部正(zheng)式(shi)廢(fei)除YB239、YB690和(he)YB691等標(biao)(biao)(biao)準,決定(ding)等同按(an)API標(biao)(biao)(biao)準制定(ding)的(de)《套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)鉆桿(gan)規范》(YB/T3-81)、《套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)螺紋加工、測量(liang)和(he)檢(jian)驗》(YB/T 4-81)等標(biao)(biao)(biao)準生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),實現了(le)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準升級。同年寶鋼(gang)無縫(feng)廠從國外(wai)引進(jin)(jin)的(de)140mm全浮動(dong)芯棒連軋(ya)機組建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan),該(gai)廠后工序(xu)配有油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)加工單元,可(ke)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(能生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)5 1/2 英寸及以(yi)下(xia)規格)和(he)鉆桿(gan)。它的(de)建(jian)(jian)成(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan),使國內油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)技(ji)術裝(zhuang)備(bei)水(shui)平(ping)有了(le)突(tu)(tu)破(po)性的(de)進(jin)(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)。1989年成(cheng)都無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠通過(guo)了(le)美(mei)國石油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)學(xue)會(hui)的(de)現場和(he)體系審核,1990年4月獲該(gai)學(xue)會(hui)向(xiang)成(cheng)都無縫(feng)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)廠頒(ban)發(fa)授(shou)權使用API SpecCT會(hui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)許可(ke)證,這是該(gai)學(xue)會(hui)向(xiang)中國企業頒(ban)發(fa)的(de)第(di)一個授(shou)權使用API會(hui)標(biao)(biao)(biao)許可(ke)證。雖然當時我國油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)的(de)技(ji)術裝(zhuang)備(bei)水(shui)平(ping)和(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平(ping)有了(le)突(tu)(tu)破(po),但就(jiu)油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)企業的(de)整體裝(zhuang)備(bei)水(shui)平(ping)、質量(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平(ping)來說,仍然較低。如軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)設(she)備(bei)采(cai)(cai)用自動(dong)軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組和(he)皮爾格機組,熱處(chu)理(li)采(cai)(cai)用快(kuai)速爐和(he)輥(gun)底式(shi)爐,只能對油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)料進(jin)(jin)行(xing)常化(正(zheng)火)處(chu)理(li)。在這樣的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)裝(zhuang)備(bei)條件下(xia),產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)合格率僅70%多,成(cheng)材率不到50%,品(pin)(pin)(pin)種(zhong)開發(fa)受到了(le)限制,僅能生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)H40、J55鋼(gang)級的(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)。而且(qie),國內油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)田還不愿使用國產(chan)(chan)套管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),使油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)開發(fa)進(jin)(jin)展(zhan)(zhan)緩(huan)慢,產(chan)(chan)量(liang)一直(zhi)處(chu)于較低水(shui)平(ping)。至1991年,我國油(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)(you)井(jing)(jing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產(chan)(chan)量(liang)僅13.67萬噸(dun)(其中寶鋼(gang)10.55萬噸(dun),占了(le)77%),國產(chan)(chan)化率僅13.54%。
20世紀(ji)90年代(dai)隨著中(zhong)國經濟步入高(gao)速發展的快(kuai)(kuai)車道,對石油(you)需(xu)求(qiu)不(bu)斷(duan)增(zeng)加,推動了(le)石油(you)工(gong)業(ye)的快(kuai)(kuai)速發展,同時也拉動了(le)油(you)井管等能源用(yong)管需(xu)求(qiu)的快(kuai)(kuai)速增(zeng)長(chang)。
這一階(jie)段是我國(guo)油(you)井(jing)管(guan)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)化大發(fa)展階(jie)段,油(you)井(jing)管(guan)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)化是在(zai)原冶金部、石油(you)部等老領導的(de)(de)關懷(huai)和支持下,以(yi)(yi)及原兩部的(de)(de)一些老專家的(de)(de)指(zhi)(zhi)導下,特別值得一提的(de)(de)是,以(yi)(yi)李鶴林院(yuan)士為代表(biao)的(de)(de)老一輩石油(you)工業專家在(zai)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)化道路上給予了精(jing)心指(zhi)(zhi)導,為中(zhong)國(guo)油(you)井(jing)管(guan)國(guo)產(chan)(chan)化做出了突出的(de)(de)貢獻。這一階(jie)段主要是按照(zhao)API標準(zhun)開發(fa)生產(chan)(chan)油(you)井(jing)管(guan),同時也開發(fa)和生產(chan)(chan)了少量的(de)(de)非API標準(zhun)產(chan)(chan)品,油(you)井(jing)管(guan)的(de)(de)自給率達到了70%以(yi)(yi)上。主要表(biao)現在(zai):
1. 技術裝備(bei)方(fang)面
繼寶Φ140連軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)機(ji)組和油井(jing)(jing)管(guan)加工線投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)后,1992年(nian)底天(tian)津鋼管(guan)公司(si)的(de)(de)ф250mm 連軋(ya)(ya)機(ji)組建成(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan),1993年(nian)熱(re)處理線、管(guan)加工線也(ye)建成(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan),并于(yu)當(dang)年(nian)就生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)出了J55、N80、P110三個鋼級(ji)的(de)(de)石油套管(guan);1992-1994年(nian)成(cheng)(cheng)都無縫鋼管(guan)廠的(de)(de)φ180mm精密軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)機(ji)組和新的(de)(de)熱(re)處理線以及(ji)(ji)管(guan)加工車間也(ye)陸續建成(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)。這(zhe)兩個軋(ya)(ya)管(guan)機(ji)組及(ji)(ji)熱(re)處理、管(guan)加工線的(de)(de)建成(cheng)(cheng)投(tou)產(chan)(chan)(chan)大大地增強了我(wo)國(guo)油井(jing)(jing)管(guan)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)能力。
2. 產(chan)品認證(zheng)方面
1992~1995年(nian),寶鋼(gang)先后(hou)獲得(de)了(le)美(mei)國石油(you)學會頒(ban)(ban)發的授權使(shi)用(yong)API Spec 5CT(5B)、5D(7)等會標許可證(zheng);1994年(nian)4月天津(jin)鋼(gang)管公司獲得(de)了(le)美(mei)國石油(you)學會頒(ban)(ban)發的授權使(shi)用(yong)API Spec5CT會標許可證(zheng)。1997年(nian)11月和(he)1998年(nian)11月包鋼(gang)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管廠和(he)鞍鋼(gang)無(wu)縫鋼(gang)管廠分別獲得(de)了(le)美(mei)國石油(you)學會頒(ban)(ban)發的授權使(shi)用(yong)API Spec 5CT會標許可證(zheng)。至此,我國五大油(you)井管生(sheng)產廠,已全(quan)部(bu)獲得(de)了(le)使(shi)用(yong)API會標許可證(zheng)。
3. 產品開發方面
基本完成API5CT標準中4組(zu)13個鋼級(不包括L80-9Cr、13Cr)產品的(de)開發;以(yi)及適(shi)(shi)應油田特(te)殊需(xu)要的(de)非API產品如開發了適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于含(han)硫氣田的(de)抗(kang)硫化氫(qing)系列(lie)(lie)油、套(tao)(tao)管(guan);適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于深井(jing)、超深井(jing)、高抗(kang)擠系列(lie)(lie)的(de)套(tao)(tao)管(guan);適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于高壓氣井(jing)、高密封系列(lie)(lie)的(de)特(te)殊扣(kou)和半特(te)殊扣(kou)油、套(tao)(tao)管(guan);適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于稠油熱(re)(re)采井(jing)用(yong)套(tao)(tao)管(guan)、隔熱(re)(re)油管(guan);高強度鉆桿和適(shi)(shi)用(yong)于小(xiao)井(jing)眼鉆井(jing)、開窗側鉆井(jing)與修井(jing)作業用(yong)的(de))Φ73.03mm小(xiao)鉆桿、φ101.60mm無接(jie)箍套(tao)(tao)管(guan)和窄間(jian)隙接(jie)箍套(tao)(tao)管(guan)等(deng)。
4. 在(zai)工藝技(ji)術方(fang)面
基本掌握了(le)API標準(zhun)油井管生產的關鍵技(ji)術。包(bao)括:純凈鋼冶煉技(ji)術、高(gao)精度鋼管軋制技(ji)術、在(zai)線(xian)常化工(gong)藝技(ji)術、高(gao)性能(neng)熱處理技(ji)術以(yi)及(ji)高(gao)精密螺(luo)紋加工(gong)技(ji)術等。
5. 在產(chan)量方(fang)面(mian)
到2000年(nian)我國(guo)油(you)井(jing)管產(chan)量達80萬(wan)噸,國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)率達到70.7%,國(guo)內(nei)所有油(you)田(陸地和海上(shang)),都(dou)使用了國(guo)產(chan)套管。
這一階(jie)段,隨著國內幾大鋼(gang)管(guan)廠(chang)獲得API會標(biao)使(shi)用許(xu)可證(zheng),并(bing)相(xiang)繼按照(zhao)API SpecQ1規范(fan)的(de)要求建立和(he)完(wan)善了產品(pin)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)保(bao)證(zheng)體系(xi),使(shi)國產油(you)井管(guan)的(de)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)全面達到(dao)API標(biao)準的(de)要求,同時產量(liang)(liang)也有了大幅度的(de)提高(gao)。尤其是天津鋼(gang)管(guan)公(gong)司和(he)寶鋼(gang)無縫鋼(gang)管(guan)廠(chang)油(you)、套管(guan)產品(pin)的(de)實物質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)已經(jing)達到(dao)或接近國際一流(liu)產品(pin)的(de)實際水平(ping),得到(dao)了國內各油(you)田的(de)認可。
20世(shi)紀90年代中(zhong)后(hou)期(qi),國(guo)內又有(you)幾條油(you)(you)、套管(guan)(guan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)線(xian)和新(xin)的(de)(de)軋管(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu)投入生產(chan),如寶雞石油(you)(you)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)廠(焊管(guan)(guan))套管(guan)(guan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)線(xian)、常(chang)寶鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)和誠德鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)等企(qi)業的(de)(de)油(you)(you)管(guan)(guan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)線(xian)、天(tian)津鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)公司(si)管(guan)(guan)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)分廠3號加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)線(xian)(原光管(guan)(guan)線(xian)改造工(gong)(gong)(gong)程)衡陽鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)φ89mm連(lian)軋機(ji)組(zu)以(yi)及包鋼(gang)的(de)(de)Φ180mm連(lian)軋機(ji)組(zu)等,這些加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)線(xian)和新(xin)機(ji)組(zu)的(de)(de)投產(chan),為油(you)(you)井(jing)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)國(guo)產(chan)化(hua)再增添新(xin)的(de)(de)力量。


 
		