不(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形板(ban)是不(bu)銹鋼寬幅(fu)型(xing)鋼的(de)(de)一種，由于(yu)其形狀如同頂上用瓦(wa)片(pian)鋪(pu)成的(de)(de)行(xing)列隆(long)起部(bu)分，故稱為香蕉視頻app下載蘋果版:不銹鋼瓦楞形(xing)板，如圖(tu)5-37所示。

 人們過去常見的(de)“瓦(wa)楞（形）板”大都是(shi)用普通(tong)低碳鋼，也(ye)就是(shi)非(fei)合(he)金鋼材(cai)(cai)料制成(cheng)的(de)（見圖5-38),還有用非(fei)金屬材(cai)(cai)料如石棉、塑料、紙板等制成(cheng)的(de)瓦(wa)楞形板。這(zhe)些瓦(wa)楞形板主要(yao)用于建筑(zhu)領域的(de)屋頂材(cai)(cai)料、外(wai)(wai)墻材(cai)(cai)料和(he)各(ge)種包(bao)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)(xiang)體的(de)外(wai)(wai)形材(cai)(cai)料和(he)產品包(bao)裝(zhuang)箱(xiang)(xiang)、盒(he)等，之所以做成(cheng)瓦(wa)楞形狀，主要(yao)目的(de)是(shi)增加結構剛度和(he)穩定性。因此，其尺寸精(jing)度和(he)表面質量要(yao)求及材(cai)(cai)質要(yao)求都不(bu)是(shi)很高。

 此處介紹的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)與普通(tong)的(de)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”有著本質(zhi)的(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)，首先(xian)材(cai)料是不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼，無疑(yi)要(yao)比普通(tong)的(de)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”具(ju)有更(geng)高的(de)強度、良好的(de)耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)(neng)和極好的(de)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)效果(guo)，另外(wai)在結構上(shang)也(ye)大不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)相同(tong)。這(zhe)些都賦(fu)予了(le)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)僅(jin)具(ju)有普通(tong)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”的(de)各(ge)種(zhong)(zhong)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)與作(zuo)用(yong)，而(er)且具(ju)有普通(tong)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”沒有的(de)功(gong)能(neng)(neng)，即不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)可以作(zuo)為傳(chuan)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)使用(yong)。作(zuo)為傳(chuan)熱(re)元(yuan)件(jian)，對其各(ge)方面的(de)要(yao)求就(jiu)比普通(tong)“瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)”高得多，特(te)別是對瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)觀(guan)的(de)要(yao)求。對瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)表(biao)觀(guan)的(de)要(yao)求主要(yao)體(ti)現(xian)在對外(wai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺寸(cun)和表(biao)面質(zhi)量的(de)要(yao)求上(shang)。因(yin)此，采用(yong)何(he)種(zhong)(zhong)方式、何(he)種(zhong)(zhong)工(gong)藝(yi)加(jia)工(gong)生(sheng)產(chan)不(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼瓦(wa)楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)(ban)就(jiu)成為保證其外(wai)形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺寸(cun)和質(zhi)量的(de)關鍵。其他性能(neng)(neng)（機械性能(neng)(neng)、耐腐(fu)蝕性能(neng)(neng)和焊接性能(neng)(neng)）主要(yao)取決于所選用(yong)的(de)材(cai)料。

1. 不銹鋼瓦楞形板外形尺寸

 從圖5-37和(he)(he)(he)圖5-39可以看出不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)外表形狀是有(you)(you)規律、周期(qi)性變化的(de)(de)(de)，而且(qie)(qie)彎曲深(shen)度(du)較小、形狀單(dan)(dan)一，不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅有(you)(you)橫向波(bo)紋(wen)，而且(qie)(qie)還有(you)(you)縱向波(bo)紋(wen)。所(suo)以說，其(qi)形狀既(ji)簡單(dan)(dan)又復(fu)雜(za)，簡單(dan)(dan)是指形狀單(dan)(dan)一，有(you)(you)規律；復(fu)雜(za)是指不(bu)(bu)(bu)僅有(you)(you)橫向波(bo)紋(wen)，而且(qie)(qie)還有(you)(you)縱向波(bo)紋(wen)。這(zhe)就給不(bu)(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)成型(xing)(xing)帶(dai)來(lai)不(bu)(bu)(bu)小的(de)(de)(de)難(nan)度(du)，在成型(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝上必須采取相應的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)藝措施和(he)(he)(he)手段，方能保證獲得要求的(de)(de)(de)外形尺(chi)寸和(he)(he)(he)成型(xing)(xing)質量。

 圖(tu)5-39是不銹(xiu)鋼瓦楞形板的實物照片，從圖(tu)片可以看出，不銹(xiu)鋼瓦楞形板的外(wai)表和形狀是非常美觀(guan)、漂亮的，具有較(jiao)高的觀(guan)賞性，如同工藝品、裝飾品。

 圖5-39不銹鋼瓦楞(leng)形板A-A截(jie)面尺寸，見圖5-40,B-B截(jie)面尺寸，見圖5-41。

 不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦楞形板成品實物(wu)斷面(mian)圖(tu)片，見(jian)圖(tu)5-40(b)和圖(tu)5-41(b)。

 從圖5-40和圖5-41可以看出，不銹鋼瓦楞形(xing)板的斷(duan)面變(bian)化的規律是周期性的，斷(duan)面形(xing)狀是關(guan)于縱(zong)向中心線(xian)為對稱的型鋼，彎(wan)曲深(shen)度較淺，深(shen)度僅有7mm。

 不(bu)銹鋼瓦楞(leng)形(xing)板外形(xing)尺寸精度(du)：截面最大(da)邊(bian)長誤差≤0.3mm;圓角(jiao)最大(da)直(zhi)徑：≤2.0mm;縱向、橫(heng)向彎曲度(du)：每(mei)(mei)米≤1mm; 扭轉：每(mei)(mei)米≤1°。

2. 瓦楞形板橫向波(bo)紋的成(cheng)型

 不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦楞(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)板(ban)輥(gun)式冷彎(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)時(shi)，首先(xian)將(jiang)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)冷軋平(ping)板(ban)預彎(wan)曲鐓(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)，如(ru)圖5-42所示的第(di)一架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)孔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀。輥(gun)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀為(wei)(wei)(wei)，向(xiang)(xiang)下彎(wan)曲的弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)直徑(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=265mm,向(xiang)(xiang)上彎(wan)曲的弧形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)直徑(jing)為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=164mm,帶鋼(gang)進入并通(tong)過如(ru)此(ci)輥(gun)型(xing)(xing)是(shi)毫不(bu)困難(nan)的，一個(ge)波(bo)長（周期）為(wei)(wei)(wei)83.40mm,弧深度（垂直位移）為(wei)(wei)(wei)4.12mm,這(zhe)個(ge)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀無論是(shi)在變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)寬(kuan)(kuan)度上，還是(shi)變形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)深度上都(dou)是(shi)可(ke)行的和(he)符(fu)合要求的。一個(ge)波(bo)長（周期）橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)位移（減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)量）為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.60mm,相(xiang)對(dui)減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)率（橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)位移）為(wei)(wei)(wei)0.71%,見圖5-42,如(ru)此(ci)的位移（減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)量）不(bu)會對(dui)鐓(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)造成(cheng)(cheng)困難(nan)和(he)產生成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)缺(que)陷(xian)，這(zhe)些都(dou)為(wei)(wei)(wei)第(di)二架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)再鐓(dui)壓(ya)創(chuang)造了條件。

 第(di)(di)二(er)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)鐓(dui)壓(ya)基(ji)礎上，再(zai)次(ci)鐓(dui)壓(ya)，使(shi)其(qi)(qi)達到(dao)如圖5-42所示的(de)孔形(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，弧(hu)度直(zhi)徑(jing)分別(bie)為(wei)Φ=133mm和p=82mm,一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)波長（周期(qi)）為(wei)81.70mm、弧(hu)深(shen)(shen)度為(wei)8.18mm,這就是說寬(kuan)(kuan)度和深(shen)(shen)度更接近(jin)于成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，而(er)相對(dui)(dui)減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)量(liang)(liang)（水(shui)(shui)平位(wei)移）僅為(wei)1.42mm,相對(dui)(dui)減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)率（水(shui)(shui)平方向）為(wei)1.7%,要(yao)比第(di)(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)道次(ci)大(da)了(le)許多，這是符合開(kai)始小一(yi)(yi)(yi)些、中間大(da)一(yi)(yi)(yi)些的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)規律要(yao)求的(de)，見第(di)(di)三架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)第(di)(di)二(er)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)鐓(dui)壓(ya)基(ji)礎上，再(zai)鐓(dui)壓(ya)，使(shi)其(qi)(qi)達到(dao)如圖5-42所示的(de)孔形(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)，這時將(jiang)已經成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)的(de)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)鐓(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)梯形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)，而(er)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)波長（周期(qi)）為(wei)80mm,相對(dui)(dui)減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)量(liang)(liang)（水(shui)(shui)平位(wei)移）僅為(wei)2.28mm,一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)波長（周期(qi)）相對(dui)(dui)減(jian)寬(kuan)(kuan)率（水(shui)(shui)平方向）為(wei)2.79%.通過鐓(dui)壓(ya)使(shi)弧(hu)深(shen)(shen)由8.18mm減(jian)小為(wei)7.00mm,這樣可(ke)使(shi)梯形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)更加精確到(dao)位(wei)，為(wei)最后沖壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)達到(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)及尺寸奠(dian)定良好(hao)的(de)基(ji)礎，此時，橫(heng)向鐓(dui)壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)已全部完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，隨(sui)后將(jiang)采用(yong)沖壓(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)在(zai)已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)橫(heng)向波紋上完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最終成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)。

 圖5-42是(shi)各架(jia)次成型輥輥形尺寸(cun)圖。

 第三(san)架成型(xing)輥(gun)輥(gun)形(xing)圖(tu)(tu)和(he)孔形(xing)圖(tu)(tu)，見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5-43.第三(san)架成型(xing)輥(gun)應(ying)是由多片(pian)輥(gun)片(pian)疊(die)加組合而成的組合輥(gun)，輥(gun)片(pian)的水(shui)平段(duan)和(he)圓(yuan)弧段(duan)采(cai)取(qu)(qu)與(yu)板材接(jie)觸的方式，而傾斜段(duan)則采(cai)取(qu)(qu)與(yu)板材不接(jie)觸的方式，為的是減少成型(xing)表面的擦劃傷，此外，如(ru)此結(jie)構也將便于成型(xing)輥(gun)的加工和(he)隨(sui)后的使用(yong)與(yu)維護等。上、下輥(gun)斜角采(cai)取(qu)(qu)圓(yuan)弧過渡，一(yi)般情況下，圓(yuan)弧的直徑應(ying)大(da)于板厚，所(suo)以圖(tu)(tu)5-43所(suo)示的第三(san)架上、下輥(gun)斜角的圓(yuan)弧過渡直徑為2.0mm,見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5-43局部放(fang)大(da)圖(tu)(tu)。

3. 縱向波紋的成型

 縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋的(de)成(cheng)型(xing)是(shi)在橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋成(cheng)型(xing)之后的(de)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋上成(cheng)型(xing)的(de)。所以在已成(cheng)型(xing)的(de)波(bo)紋上再成(cheng)型(xing)縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋是(shi)有難度的(de)。其難度主(zhu)要(yao)表(biao)現(xian)為，可能破壞已成(cheng)型(xing)的(de)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋，而且縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋也成(cheng)型(xing)不好。選用(yong)何種(zhong)方式(shi)成(cheng)型(xing)就成(cheng)為縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋成(cheng)型(xing)的(de)關鍵(jian)。

 沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)就是在一對成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)上(shang)(shang)，按工藝和(he)(he)產品的(de)(de)要求，在要面上(shang)(shang)間隙分(fen)布著(zhu)凸起(qi)和(he)(he)凹陷的(de)(de)部(bu)分(fen)，用(yong)于壓(ya)(ya)制(zhi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)，同時(shi)又(you)不能損壞已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)梯形(xing)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)，縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)尺寸(cun)(cun)圖(tu)及(ji)實物圖(tu)片，見(jian)圖(tu)5-40和(he)(he)圖(tu)5-41。之所以將沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)置于橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)后、平整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)前，是為(wei)了保證瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程的(de)(de)穩定和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量。可(ke)以想(xiang)象，在沒(mei)(mei)有橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)平板(ban)(ban)帶材上(shang)(shang)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凸起(qi)和(he)(he)凹陷型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材，由于自(zi)由度(du)(du)大沒(mei)(mei)有約束力，沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會(hui)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)坯料(liao)局部(bu)收(shou)縮(suo)，產生(sheng)皺折及(ji)其他缺陷，影(ying)響(xiang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質(zhi)量和(he)(he)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品的(de)(de)尺寸(cun)(cun)。另外，瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼截(jie)面受材料(liao)內部(bu)殘(can)余應力作(zuo)用(yong)，很(hen)容(rong)易產生(sheng)扭轉，這也會(hui)影(ying)響(xiang)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程的(de)(de)穩定性。但(dan)在瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)后、平整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)前，再用(yong)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)其縱向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)，此時(shi)，已(yi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)使瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)剛度(du)(du)增大，同時(shi)又(you)受到(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)和(he)(he)平整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)約束，其自(zi)由度(du)(du)就減小。以上(shang)(shang)這些都可(ke)以有效地防止局部(bu)收(shou)縮(suo)和(he)(he)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼的(de)(de)扭轉，從而(er)對保證瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)的(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)質(zhi)量起(qi)到(dao)有效的(de)(de)保障作(zuo)用(yong)。瓦楞(leng)(leng)形(xing)板(ban)(ban)橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)沖(chong)壓(ya)(ya)輥(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)示(shi)意(yi)圖(tu)，見(jian)圖(tu)5-44。

 沖(chong)壓(ya)成(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)也(ye)應(ying)做成(cheng)組合式輥(gun)子，即由多輥(gun)片疊加組合而成(cheng)。這種形(xing)式的輥(gun)子便于加工和維(wei)護，調整(zheng)使(shi)用(yong)方便。