不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板是不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)寬幅型鋼(gang)的一種，由于(yu)其形(xing)狀如同頂上用瓦(wa)片鋪成的行列隆起部(bu)分，故稱(cheng)為香蕉視頻app下載蘋果版:不銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形板，如圖(tu)5-37所示。

 人們過(guo)去常見的“瓦楞（形(xing)）板(ban)”大都是用普通低碳鋼，也就是非(fei)(fei)合金鋼材(cai)(cai)料(liao)制成(cheng)的（見圖5-38),還(huan)有用非(fei)(fei)金屬材(cai)(cai)料(liao)如石(shi)棉(mian)、塑料(liao)、紙板(ban)等(deng)制成(cheng)的瓦楞形(xing)板(ban)。這些瓦楞形(xing)板(ban)主(zhu)要用于建筑領域的屋頂材(cai)(cai)料(liao)、外墻(qiang)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)各種包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱體的外形(xing)材(cai)(cai)料(liao)和(he)產品包裝(zhuang)(zhuang)箱、盒等(deng)，之(zhi)所以做(zuo)成(cheng)瓦楞形(xing)狀，主(zhu)要目的是增(zeng)加結構剛度(du)和(he)穩定性。因此，其尺寸(cun)精(jing)度(du)和(he)表面質量要求(qiu)及(ji)材(cai)(cai)質要求(qiu)都不是很高。

 此(ci)處介紹的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板與普(pu)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板”有(you)著本質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)同，首先材料是(shi)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)，無疑(yi)要(yao)比(bi)普(pu)通(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板”具(ju)有(you)更高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強度、良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)能和(he)極(ji)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)裝飾(shi)效果，另外在結(jie)構上也大不(bu)相同。這些都(dou)賦予了(le)不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板不(bu)僅具(ju)有(you)普(pu)通(tong)“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各種(zhong)(zhong)功(gong)能與作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，而(er)且具(ju)有(you)普(pu)通(tong)“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板”沒(mei)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)功(gong)能，即不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板可以作(zuo)為(wei)傳(chuan)熱(re)元(yuan)件使用(yong)(yong)。作(zuo)為(wei)傳(chuan)熱(re)元(yuan)件，對(dui)(dui)其(qi)各方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)就(jiu)比(bi)普(pu)通(tong)“瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)（形(xing)(xing)(xing)）板”高(gao)得多，特別是(shi)對(dui)(dui)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板表觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)。對(dui)(dui)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板表觀的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)主要(yao)體現在對(dui)(dui)外形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺寸和(he)表面(mian)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)上。因此(ci)，采用(yong)(yong)何種(zhong)(zhong)方式、何種(zhong)(zhong)工藝(yi)加(jia)工生產不(bu)銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)瓦(wa)(wa)(wa)楞(leng)(leng)(leng)形(xing)(xing)(xing)板就(jiu)成為(wei)保(bao)證(zheng)其(qi)外形(xing)(xing)(xing)尺寸和(he)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵。其(qi)他性(xing)能（機械性(xing)能、耐(nai)腐蝕性(xing)能和(he)焊接性(xing)能）主要(yao)取決(jue)于(yu)所選用(yong)(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)材料。

1. 不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形板外形尺寸

 從(cong)圖5-37和(he)圖5-39可以看出不(bu)銹鋼瓦楞形(xing)(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)表形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)是有(you)規律(lv)(lv)、周期性變化的(de)(de)(de)，而且(qie)彎曲(qu)深度(du)較(jiao)小、形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)單(dan)一(yi)，不(bu)僅有(you)橫向波(bo)紋(wen)，而且(qie)還有(you)縱(zong)向波(bo)紋(wen)。所以說(shuo)，其形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)既簡(jian)單(dan)又復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)，簡(jian)單(dan)是指(zhi)形(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)單(dan)一(yi)，有(you)規律(lv)(lv)；復(fu)(fu)雜(za)(za)是指(zhi)不(bu)僅有(you)橫向波(bo)紋(wen)，而且(qie)還有(you)縱(zong)向波(bo)紋(wen)。這就給不(bu)銹鋼瓦楞形(xing)(xing)板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)成型帶來不(bu)小的(de)(de)(de)難(nan)度(du)，在成型工藝(yi)上必須采(cai)取相應的(de)(de)(de)工藝(yi)措施和(he)手段，方能(neng)保證獲(huo)得要求(qiu)的(de)(de)(de)外(wai)形(xing)(xing)尺寸和(he)成型質量。

 圖5-39是不銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板(ban)的(de)實物照片，從(cong)圖片可以看出，不銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形(xing)板(ban)的(de)外表和(he)形(xing)狀是非常美觀、漂亮的(de)，具有較(jiao)高的(de)觀賞性，如同工藝品(pin)、裝飾品(pin)。

 圖(tu)5-39不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼瓦楞形板A-A截面(mian)尺(chi)寸(cun)，見圖(tu)5-40,B-B截面(mian)尺(chi)寸(cun)，見圖(tu)5-41。

 不銹鋼瓦(wa)楞形板成品實物斷面圖(tu)片，見圖(tu)5-40(b)和圖(tu)5-41(b)。

 從圖(tu)5-40和圖(tu)5-41可以(yi)看(kan)出，不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞(leng)形板的斷面變(bian)化的規(gui)律是周期性(xing)的，斷面形狀是關于(yu)縱向中心線為對(dui)稱(cheng)的型鋼(gang)，彎曲(qu)深度較(jiao)淺，深度僅有7mm。

 不銹鋼瓦楞(leng)形(xing)板外形(xing)尺(chi)寸精度：截(jie)面(mian)最大(da)邊長誤差(cha)≤0.3mm;圓角最大(da)直徑：≤2.0mm;縱向、橫向彎曲度：每米≤1mm; 扭(niu)轉(zhuan)：每米≤1°。

2. 瓦楞形板橫(heng)向(xiang)波紋的成型

 不(bu)銹鋼(gang)瓦楞形(xing)板(ban)輥(gun)式(shi)冷(leng)彎成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)時，首先將不(bu)銹鋼(gang)冷(leng)軋平板(ban)預彎曲(qu)鐓(dui)(dui)壓成(cheng)(cheng)弧形(xing)波紋，如圖5-42所(suo)示的(de)第一(yi)架成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)孔形(xing)的(de)形(xing)狀。輥(gun)形(xing)的(de)形(xing)狀為(wei)(wei)，向下(xia)彎曲(qu)的(de)弧形(xing)直(zhi)徑(jing)為(wei)(wei)Φ=265mm,向上(shang)彎曲(qu)的(de)弧形(xing)直(zhi)徑(jing)為(wei)(wei)Φ=164mm,帶鋼(gang)進入(ru)并通過如此(ci)輥(gun)型(xing)是毫不(bu)困難(nan)(nan)的(de)，一(yi)個波長（周(zhou)期）為(wei)(wei)83.40mm,弧深度（垂直(zhi)位移）為(wei)(wei)4.12mm,這個成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)形(xing)狀無(wu)論是在變形(xing)寬度上(shang)，還是變形(xing)深度上(shang)都是可行的(de)和符合要求的(de)。一(yi)個波長（周(zhou)期）橫向位移（減寬量）為(wei)(wei)0.60mm,相(xiang)對減寬率(lv)（橫向位移）為(wei)(wei)0.71%,見(jian)圖5-42,如此(ci)的(de)位移（減寬量）不(bu)會對鐓(dui)(dui)壓成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)造成(cheng)(cheng)困難(nan)(nan)和產生(sheng)成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)缺陷(xian)，這些都為(wei)(wei)第二(er)架成(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)輥(gun)再(zai)鐓(dui)(dui)壓創造了條件。

 第(di)二(er)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)輥在第(di)一(yi)(yi)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)輥的(de)(de)(de)鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，再次鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)，使其達到(dao)(dao)(dao)如(ru)圖5-42所示的(de)(de)(de)孔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，弧(hu)度(du)(du)直徑(jing)分別為(wei)(wei)(wei)Φ=133mm和(he)(he)p=82mm,一(yi)(yi)個波長(chang)（周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)81.70mm、弧(hu)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)(wei)8.18mm,這(zhe)就是(shi)說寬(kuan)度(du)(du)和(he)(he)深(shen)(shen)度(du)(du)更接近(jin)于成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，而相對減(jian)(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)量（水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)位(wei)移）僅為(wei)(wei)(wei)1.42mm,相對減(jian)(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)率(lv)（水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)方(fang)向(xiang)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)1.7%,要(yao)(yao)比第(di)一(yi)(yi)道次大了許多(duo)，這(zhe)是(shi)符合開始小一(yi)(yi)些、中間(jian)大一(yi)(yi)些的(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)規律要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)，見第(di)三架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)輥在第(di)二(er)架(jia)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)輥的(de)(de)(de)鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，再鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)，使其達到(dao)(dao)(dao)如(ru)圖5-42所示的(de)(de)(de)孔形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)，這(zhe)時(shi)(shi)將(jiang)已經(jing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)弧(hu)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)梯形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)瓦楞形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)，而一(yi)(yi)個波長(chang)（周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)80mm,相對減(jian)(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)量（水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)位(wei)移）僅為(wei)(wei)(wei)2.28mm,一(yi)(yi)個波長(chang)（周(zhou)期(qi)(qi)）相對減(jian)(jian)(jian)寬(kuan)率(lv)（水(shui)(shui)(shui)平(ping)方(fang)向(xiang)）為(wei)(wei)(wei)2.79%.通(tong)過鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)使弧(hu)深(shen)(shen)由8.18mm減(jian)(jian)(jian)小為(wei)(wei)(wei)7.00mm,這(zhe)樣可使梯形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)更加精確到(dao)(dao)(dao)位(wei)，為(wei)(wei)(wei)最后(hou)(hou)沖壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)達到(dao)(dao)(dao)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品(pin)形(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)狀(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)及尺寸奠定良好的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)，此時(shi)(shi)，橫(heng)向(xiang)鐓(dui)壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)已全部完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，隨后(hou)(hou)將(jiang)采用沖壓(ya)(ya)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)輥在已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)橫(heng)向(xiang)波紋上(shang)完成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)最終成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)。

 圖5-42是(shi)各(ge)架次(ci)成型輥(gun)輥(gun)形尺寸(cun)圖。

 第三(san)架成型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)形(xing)圖(tu)和(he)(he)孔形(xing)圖(tu)，見圖(tu)5-43.第三(san)架成型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)應(ying)是由(you)多片輥(gun)(gun)(gun)片疊加(jia)組合而成的(de)(de)(de)組合輥(gun)(gun)(gun)，輥(gun)(gun)(gun)片的(de)(de)(de)水平段(duan)和(he)(he)圓(yuan)弧(hu)段(duan)采取(qu)與板材接觸的(de)(de)(de)方式，而傾斜段(duan)則采取(qu)與板材不接觸的(de)(de)(de)方式，為的(de)(de)(de)是減少成型(xing)表面的(de)(de)(de)擦劃傷，此(ci)外，如此(ci)結構也將便于成型(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)工和(he)(he)隨后的(de)(de)(de)使(shi)用與維護(hu)等。上(shang)、下(xia)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)斜角(jiao)采取(qu)圓(yuan)弧(hu)過渡，一般情況(kuang)下(xia)，圓(yuan)弧(hu)的(de)(de)(de)直徑應(ying)大于板厚，所以圖(tu)5-43所示的(de)(de)(de)第三(san)架上(shang)、下(xia)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)斜角(jiao)的(de)(de)(de)圓(yuan)弧(hu)過渡直徑為2.0mm,見圖(tu)5-43局部放大圖(tu)。

3. 縱向波紋的(de)成型

 縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)的成(cheng)型(xing)是(shi)在橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)成(cheng)型(xing)之(zhi)后的橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)上成(cheng)型(xing)的。所(suo)以在已(yi)成(cheng)型(xing)的波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)上再成(cheng)型(xing)縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)是(shi)有難(nan)度的。其難(nan)度主(zhu)要(yao)表現為，可能破壞已(yi)成(cheng)型(xing)的橫(heng)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)，而且縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)也成(cheng)型(xing)不好。選用何種方式成(cheng)型(xing)就成(cheng)為縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)(wen)成(cheng)型(xing)的關(guan)鍵(jian)。

 沖(chong)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)就(jiu)是(shi)在(zai)一對(dui)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)上(shang)(shang)，按工(gong)藝和產品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)要(yao)求，在(zai)要(yao)面上(shang)(shang)間(jian)隙分布著凸起(qi)和凹(ao)陷(xian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部分，用(yong)于(yu)壓制成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)瓦楞形板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)，同時(shi)又不能(neng)損壞(huai)已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫向(xiang)(xiang)梯形波(bo)紋(wen)，縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)尺寸圖(tu)(tu)及(ji)實物圖(tu)(tu)片，見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5-40和圖(tu)(tu)5-41。之(zhi)所以將沖(chong)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)置于(yu)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)后、平整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)前，是(shi)為了保證(zheng)瓦楞形板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)和成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質量(liang)。可(ke)以想象(xiang)，在(zai)沒(mei)(mei)有(you)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平板(ban)帶材(cai)上(shang)(shang)沖(chong)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)凸起(qi)和凹(ao)陷(xian)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)材(cai)，由于(yu)自由度大沒(mei)(mei)有(you)約束(shu)力，沖(chong)壓成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)會(hui)造成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)坯(pi)料局部收縮，產生皺(zhou)折及(ji)其(qi)他缺陷(xian)，影響成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)質量(liang)和成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸。另外，瓦楞形板(ban)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼截面受(shou)(shou)材(cai)料內部殘余應力作用(yong)，很(hen)容易產生扭轉，這也會(hui)影響成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)穩定(ding)性(xing)。但在(zai)瓦楞形板(ban)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)后、平整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)前，再用(yong)沖(chong)壓輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)其(qi)縱(zong)向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)，此(ci)時(shi)，已成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)使(shi)瓦楞形板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)剛度增大，同時(shi)又受(shou)(shou)到成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)和平整(zheng)輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)約束(shu)，其(qi)自由度就(jiu)減小。以上(shang)(shang)這些都(dou)可(ke)以有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)地防止(zhi)局部收縮和型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)鋼的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)扭轉，從(cong)而對(dui)保證(zheng)瓦楞形板(ban)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)型(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)及(ji)質量(liang)起(qi)到有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)保障作用(yong)。瓦楞形板(ban)橫向(xiang)(xiang)波(bo)紋(wen)沖(chong)壓輥(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)(gun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)示意(yi)圖(tu)(tu)，見(jian)圖(tu)(tu)5-44。

 沖(chong)壓成(cheng)型輥(gun)也應做成(cheng)組合式輥(gun)子，即由多輥(gun)片(pian)疊加(jia)組合而成(cheng)。這(zhe)種形式的(de)輥(gun)子便(bian)(bian)于加(jia)工和維護，調整(zheng)使用方便(bian)(bian)。