一般來說,純金屬的鍛造性比合金好;固溶體的鍛造性較化合物好;低碳鋼、低合金鋼的鍛造性比高碳鋼、高合金鋼好。細晶粒的塑性較粗晶粒的好,但變形抗力較大。


 在一(yi)定的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)溫(wen)度范圍內,溫(wen)度升高(gao),會使變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)抗力降(jiang)低和塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)提(ti)高(gao),從而改善和提(ti)高(gao)了鍛造性(xing)(xing)(xing)。同(tong)一(yi)金(jin)屬采用不(bu)同(tong)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)方法,產生的(de)應力狀態(tai)不(bu)同(tong),因而會表現(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)不(bu)同(tong)的(de)鍛造性(xing)(xing)(xing)。例如,金(jin)屬在擠壓(ya)時三向(xiang)(xiang)受(shou)壓(ya),表現(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)較(jiao)(jiao)高(gao)的(de)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)和較(jiao)(jiao)大的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)抗力;拉拔時兩向(xiang)(xiang)受(shou)壓(ya)、一(yi)向(xiang)(xiang)受(shou)拉,表現(xian)(xian)出(chu)(chu)較(jiao)(jiao)好的(de)塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)和較(jiao)(jiao)小(xiao)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)抗力。因此(ci),塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)差的(de)材料(liao)采用擠壓(ya)的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)方法較(jiao)(jiao)為有利,而塑性(xing)(xing)(xing)好的(de)材料(liao)采用拉拔的(de)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)(xing)方法較(jiao)(jiao)有利。