在一些檢修部門，習慣用手工來研磨香蕉視頻app下載蘋果版:閥門密封面。手工研磨只使用簡單的研磨工具而不需復雜的研磨設備，但這是一種費力的工作，生產效率很低，研磨質量主要依靠工人的技術水平來保證，因此研磨質量往往不夠穩定。

  手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)分為(wei)(wei)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)、精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)和拋(pao)光等。粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)了消除(chu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)擦傷(shang)、壓痕、蝕(shi)點等缺陷，提(ti)高密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)平整(zheng)度(du)(du)和降低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)，為(wei)(wei)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)打下(xia)基礎。精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)是(shi)(shi)為(wei)(wei)了消除(chu)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)紋路(lu)，進一(yi)步提(ti)高密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)(du)和降低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)。拋(pao)光的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)降低(di)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)，一(yi)般用(yong)(yong)于粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)Ra在0.2μm以下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)不(bu)(bu)管粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)還是(shi)(shi)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，整(zheng)個過(guo)(guo)(guo)程始(shi)終(zhong)(zhong)貫穿提(ti)起、放(fang)下(xia)、旋(xuan)轉、往復(fu)(fu)、輕敲、換(huan)向等操作相(xiang)(xiang)結合的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程。其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)避免(mian)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒軌跡(ji)重(zhong)(zhong)復(fu)(fu)，使(shi)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)得到均勻的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)，提(ti)高密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平整(zheng)度(du)(du)，降低(di)粗(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)始(shi)終(zhong)(zhong)貫穿著檢(jian)驗過(guo)(guo)(guo)程，其(qi)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)(shi)隨時(shi)掌(zhang)握研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)情況，做到心中(zhong)有(you)數，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質量(liang)達到技(ji)術要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求。在研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)，清潔工(gong)作是(shi)(shi)很(hen)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環節，應做到“三(san)(san)不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地”，即被研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)件不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地、工(gong)具(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地、物(wu)料不(bu)(bu)落(luo)地；“三(san)(san)不(bu)(bu)見天”，即顯示劑用(yong)(yong)后上(shang)(shang)蓋、研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑用(yong)(yong)后上(shang)(shang)蓋、稀釋(shi)劑（液）用(yong)(yong)后上(shang)(shang)蓋；“三(san)(san)干凈(jing)(jing)”，即研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)用(yong)(yong)前要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)抹(mo)洗(xi)(xi)干凈(jing)(jing)、密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)清洗(xi)(xi)干凈(jing)(jing)、更換(huan)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑時(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)和密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)抹(mo)洗(xi)(xi)干凈(jing)(jing)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)中(zhong)應注(zhu)(zhu)意檢(jian)查研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)不(bu)(bu)與密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)外任何疤點臺(tai)肩相(xiang)(xiang)摩擦，使(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)具(ju)(ju)運(yun)動平穩(wen)，保(bao)證研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)質量(liang)。經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)滲(shen)氨(an)(an)、滲(shen)硼等表面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)處(chu)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)小心謹慎，因為(wei)(wei)滲(shen)透(tou)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)硬度(du)(du)隨著研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)量(liang)增大(da)而明顯下(xia)降，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)時(shi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削(xue)量(liang)應盡量(liang)小，最好進行拋(pao)光使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，至少要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)精(jing)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后使(shi)用(yong)(yong)，如(ru)達不(bu)(bu)到要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)求，就將殘存的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)滲(shen)透(tou)層磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)掉，重(zhong)(zhong)新滲(shen)透(tou)處(chu)理，恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)原有(you)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)性能。用(yong)(yong)于深冷的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)閥門密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)(yao)經(jing)過(guo)(guo)(guo)深冷定型(xing)處(chu)理后再研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)，否則，研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)經(jing)深冷就會變(bian)(bian)形。深冷處(chu)理可(ke)在液氨(an)(an)中(zhong)進行。刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)一(yi)般寬度(du)(du)為(wei)(wei)0.5~0.8mm,接近線密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)后，密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)會變(bian)(bian)寬，應注(zhu)(zhu)意恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)原有(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)尺寸，可(ke)用(yong)(yong)車削(xue)或研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)刀(dao)型(xing)密(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)兩斜面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方法恢(hui)復(fu)(fu)寬度(du)(du)尺寸。

  研具使(shi)用后應進行一次(ci)檢查，對平(ping)整度不高的平(ping)面要(yao)修理好，并(bing)應清洗干凈(jing)，保持完整。要(yao)分(fen)門(men)別類地(di)把(ba)研磨(mo)工具擺放在工具箱內，以便(bian)以后使(shi)用。

  研磨(mo)分平面(mian)密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)研磨(mo)、錐形密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)研磨(mo)、圓(yuan)弧密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)研磨(mo)、圓(yuan)柱體密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)研磨(mo)等幾(ji)種。

①. 閥體平面密封面的研(yan)磨 

  閥(fa)體密(mi)封(feng)(feng)平面位(wei)于閥(fa)體內腔(qiang)，研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)比(bi)較困(kun)難。通(tong)常使(shi)用帶(dai)(dai)(dai)方(fang)孔的(de)圓盤狀研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)工(gong)具(ju)，放在內腔(qiang)的(de)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面上，再用帶(dai)(dai)(dai)方(fang)頭(tou)的(de)長柄手把來帶(dai)(dai)(dai)動(dong)研(yan)(yan)盤運動(dong)。研(yan)(yan)盤上有圓柱凸臺或引導墊(dian)片，以(yi)防止在研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)過程(cheng)中研(yan)(yan)具(ju)局部離開環狀密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面而造成研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)不勻(yun)的(de)現象。圖(tu)4-71為(wei)閘(zha)閥(fa)密(mi)封(feng)(feng)面的(de)手工(gong)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)。

  研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)前應將(jiang)(jiang)研(yan)(yan)具(ju)工作面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)用(yong)丙酮或(huo)汽油擦凈，并(bing)去除閥(fa)體(ti)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上的(de)(de)飛邊、毛刺，再在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上涂敷一層(ceng)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)。研(yan)(yan)具(ju)放(fang)入閥(fa)體(ti)內腔(qiang)時(shi)，要仔細地貼(tie)合在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上，然后采用(yong)長柄手(shou)把(ba)使研(yan)(yan)盤做正、反(fan)方向的(de)(de)回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)運動。先順(shun)時(shi)針(zhen)回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)180°,再逆時(shi)針(zhen)回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)90°,如(ru)此(ci)反(fan)復地進行。一般回(hui)(hui)轉(zhuan)10余次后研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)中的(de)(de)磨(mo)(mo)粒(li)便已磨(mo)(mo)鈍(dun)，故應該(gai)經常抬起研(yan)(yan)盤來添(tian)新的(de)(de)研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)劑(ji)。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)的(de)(de)壓(ya)力(li)要均勻(yun)，且不宜過大。粗研(yan)(yan)時(shi)壓(ya)力(li)可(ke)(ke)(ke)大些，精研(yan)(yan)時(shi)應較小(xiao)。應注意不要因施加壓(ya)力(li)使研(yan)(yan)具(ju)局部脫開密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)。研(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)一段時(shi)間后，要檢查(cha)工件的(de)(de)平面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)度。此(ci)時(shi)可(ke)(ke)(ke)取出研(yan)(yan)具(ju)，用(yong)丙酮或(huo)汽油將(jiang)(jiang)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)擦凈，再將(jiang)(jiang)圓盤形的(de)(de)檢驗平板(ban)輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)放(fang)在密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上并(bing)用(yong)手(shou)輕(qing)(qing)輕(qing)(qing)旋動，取出平板(ban)后就可(ke)(ke)(ke)觀察到密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上出現的(de)(de)接(jie)觸(chu)痕(hen)跡(ji)。當環狀密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)上均勻(yun)地顯示接(jie)觸(chu)痕(hen)跡(ji)，而徑向最(zui)小(xiao)接(jie)觸(chu)寬(kuan)度與密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)寬(kuan)度之比（即密(mi)(mi)封(feng)(feng)面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)與檢驗平板(ban)的(de)(de)吻(wen)合度）達(da)到工藝上規定的(de)(de)數值時(shi)，平面(mian)(mian)(mian)(mian)度就可(ke)(ke)(ke)認為合格(ge)。為了保證檢驗的(de)(de)準確性，檢驗平板(ban)應經常檢查(cha)、修整。

②. 閘板(ban)、閥瓣平面(mian)密(mi)封(feng)面(mian)的研(yan)磨 

  閘(zha)板(ban)、閥(fa)瓣和閥(fa)座的(de)密封平(ping)面可(ke)使用(yong)(yong)(yong)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)來手(shou)(shou)工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)平(ping)面應(ying)平(ping)整。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)平(ping)板(ban)分刻槽(cao)平(ping)板(ban)和光滑(hua)平(ping)板(ban)兩種(zhong)，如圖(tu)4-72所(suo)示。研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)工作前，先用(yong)(yong)(yong)丙酮或汽油(you)將研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)平(ping)板(ban)的(de)表(biao)面擦干凈，然后在平(ping)板(ban)上均勻(yun)、適(shi)量地涂一(yi)層研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)劑，把需研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)的(de)工件表(biao)面貼(tie)合在平(ping)板(ban)上即開(kai)始(shi)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。用(yong)(yong)(yong)手(shou)(shou)一(yi)邊旋轉一(yi)邊做直線(xian)運(yun)動(dong)，或做“8”字形運(yun)動(dong)。由于(yu)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)運(yun)動(dong)方(fang)向的(de)不斷變更，使磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)粒不斷地在新(xin)的(de)方(fang)向起(qi)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)削作用(yong)(yong)(yong)，故可(ke)提(ti)高(gao)研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)效率。圖(tu)4-73所(suo)示為(wei)閥(fa)體平(ping)面密封面的(de)手(shou)(shou)工研(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)磨(mo)(mo)(mo)(mo)。

  為了避免研磨(mo)平板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)磨(mo)耗不均，不要總是在平板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)中部(bu)研磨(mo)，應沿平板(ban)(ban)(ban)的(de)全部(bu)表面上不斷變換部(bu)位，否則研磨(mo)平板(ban)(ban)(ban)將很(hen)快(kuai)失(shi)去平面精度。

  閘(zha)板(ban)及有些閥座(zuo)呈楔(xie)狀，密(mi)(mi)封(feng)平面圓周上的(de)質量不(bu)均，厚薄不(bu)一(yi)致，容易產生偏磨現(xian)象(xiang)，厚的(de)一(yi)頭(tou)容易多磨，薄的(de)一(yi)頭(tou)會少磨。所以，在研(yan)(yan)磨楔(xie)式(shi)閘(zha)板(ban)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面時，應附加一(yi)個平衡力，使楔(xie)式(shi)閘(zha)板(ban)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面均勻磨削。圖4-74所示為楔(xie)式(shi)閘(zha)板(ban)密(mi)(mi)封(feng)面的(de)整(zheng)體研(yan)(yan)磨方法。