空氣經過壓縮(suo)機(ji)壓縮(suo)后,提(ti)高了壓力(li),具有做功的(de)能力(li),空氣具有可(ke)壓縮(suo)性,且清晰透明,不凝結,便(bian)于(yu)輸送,沒(mei)有特(te)殊的(de)有害(hai)性能。沒(mei)有起火危險(xian),在地(di)面上取之不盡等(deng),所以(yi)在工藝生產中(zhong)得到廣(guang)泛的(de)應用。


 壓縮空氣(qi)(qi)應(ying)用(yong)最廣泛的是用(yong)于動(dong)力(li)機械和風動(dong)工具,如風鉆、氣(qi)(qi)錘,還可用(yong)于噴砂、噴漆、氣(qi)(qi)密性試驗,以及吹掃、攪拌(ban)等工藝過程。


 空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo),會放(fang)出(chu)(chu)熱量(liang),所(suo)受(shou)壓(ya)(ya)力越高(gao),放(fang)出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)熱量(liang)越多。為了(le)(le)降(jiang)低(di)輸送管道的(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du),通常用(yong)(yong)冷卻器(qi)冷卻壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)出(chu)(chu)口端的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),使(shi)之(zhi)溫(wen)度(du)下降(jiang)到(dao)常溫(wen),以(yi)便輸送和(he)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)。由于壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機進(jin)(jin)(jin)口是直(zhi)接從大氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中吸入空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),所(suo)以(yi)大氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)中的(de)(de)水(shui)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)隨之(zhi)進(jin)(jin)(jin)入壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機。當壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)冷卻后,其中的(de)(de)水(shui)蒸氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也(ye)凝結成水(shui),并同壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)一(yi)起進(jin)(jin)(jin)入輸送管道,這樣(yang)就(jiu)會影響用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)正常工作。為此要用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)水(shui)分(fen)離(li)器(qi)除去(qu)(qu)管道中的(de)(de)水(shui)。氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)水(shui)分(fen)離(li)器(qi)不僅能除去(qu)(qu)水(shui),同時也(ye)能除去(qu)(qu)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)帶來的(de)(de)油。為了(le)(le)得(de)到(dao)干(gan)(gan)燥的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),在氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)水(shui)分(fen)離(li)之(zhi)后還要有干(gan)(gan)燥器(qi),進(jin)(jin)(jin)一(yi)步除水(shui),從而得(de)到(dao)較干(gan)(gan)燥的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機無論(lun)大小,都輔有儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)罐,以(yi)保證用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)有穩(wen)定(ding)的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)壓(ya)(ya)和(he)充足的(de)(de)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)量(liang)。


 常用的壓(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)氣按工(gong)作壓(ya)力的不同分為:


 低壓壓縮空氣,壓力為0.2~1.0MPa;


 中壓壓縮(suo)空氣,壓力(li)為1.0~10MPa;


 高壓壓縮(suo)空氣,壓力(li)為10MPa以(yi)上


 壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道(dao)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)在常溫下運行,熱應(ying)(ying)(ying)力對(dui)(dui)其影響較小,在通常情(qing)況(kuang)下,雖然對(dui)(dui)低壓(ya)(ya)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道(dao)系統來(lai)說(shuo),因水(shui)(shui)擊而造成管(guan)道(dao)損壞的(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)較少,但當壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)含水(shui)(shui)分(fen)時(shi),對(dui)(dui)很(hen)多(duo)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)藝過程則(ze)有(you)不良影響,對(dui)(dui)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)動(dong)機(ji)械(xie)、設備的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)也(ye)會產(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)不良影響,因此壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道(dao)系統必須做(zuo)好(hao)水(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)收集,排放和(he)干(gan)(gan)燥處理工(gong)作,做(zuo)好(hao)壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)管(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)日常維(wei)護。壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)泄水(shui)(shui)點(dian)一(yi)般(ban)(ban)布(bu)置在壓(ya)(ya)縮(suo)機(ji)站的(de)(de)儲氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)罐、沿途(tu)管(guan)線的(de)(de)最低點(dian),車間(jian)入口裝(zhuang)置以及管(guan)道(dao)的(de)(de)末端。對(dui)(dui)一(yi)些(xie)有(you)潔凈(jing)度(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)(de)用(yong)(yong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)點(dian),除(chu)安(an)裝(zhuang)油水(shui)(shui)分(fen)離器(qi)(qi)外,尚需安(an)全空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)過濾(lv)器(qi)(qi),過濾(lv)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)濾(lv)料可(ke)由毛氈、棉(mian)花、焦炭(tan)、木屑等構成。潔凈(jing)度(du)(du)要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)更高(gao)的(de)(de)可(ke)采用(yong)(yong)由毛氈作為(wei)濾(lv)層的(de)(de)過濾(lv)器(qi)(qi)。對(dui)(dui)于要(yao)(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)干(gan)(gan)燥空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)點(dian),可(ke)安(an)裝(zhuang)硅(gui)(gui)膠干(gan)(gan)燥器(qi)(qi)。硅(gui)(gui)膠多(duo)為(wei)白色多(duo)孔的(de)(de)固(gu)體(ti)顆粒,每克硅(gui)(gui)膠的(de)(de)內表面(mian)積可(ke)達800~900平方米,因此,具有(you)很(hen)強的(de)(de)吸附性(xing)能。吸濕后(hou)由白色變為(wei)粉(fen)紅(hong)色,粉(fen)紅(hong)色較深時(shi),說(shuo)明(ming)硅(gui)(gui)膠已經達到(dao)飽(bao)和(he),應(ying)(ying)(ying)更換(huan)或再生(sheng)(sheng),硅(gui)(gui)膠的(de)(de)再生(sheng)(sheng)方法可(ke)用(yong)(yong)電爐或熱空(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)。烘(hong)干(gan)(gan)后(hou)硅(gui)(gui)膠的(de)(de)密度(du)(du)增大,顆粒變小,在裝(zhuang)罐時(shi)應(ying)(ying)(ying)及時(shi)進行補充。除(chu)硅(gui)(gui)膠可(ke)作為(wei)干(gan)(gan)燥劑外,還有(you)鋁膠、分(fen)子篩、活性(xing)炭(tan)等。


  壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)的儲(chu)氣(qi)罐,油水(shui)分(fen)離器、過濾器、干燥器等,屬于(yu)壓(ya)力容器,應根(gen)據容器的類別定期(qi)進行(xing)(xing)檢驗。安全(quan)閥、壓(ya)力表等附件應定期(qi)進行(xing)(xing)校驗。壓(ya)縮空氣(qi)管道也應根(gen)據其壓(ya)力高低進行(xing)(xing)定期(qi)檢驗。