工業管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)，是(shi)(shi)由管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)支吊(diao)架(jia)等(deng)(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，用以輸送、分(fen)配、混合、分(fen)離、排(pai)放、計量或(huo)控制(zhi)流體流動。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)用于(yu)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)或(huo)裝配成(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)元件(jian)(jian)，包括管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)（PiPipe)e）、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)、法蘭、墊片、緊(jin)固(gu)件(jian)(jian)、閥門(men)(men)以及(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)特(te)殊件(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)特(te)殊件(jian)(jian)指非普通標(biao)準組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)，系按工程設計條件(jian)(jian)特(te)殊制(zhi)造的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)，包括膨脹節、補償器(qi)、特(te)殊閥門(men)(men)、爆炸片、阻火器(qi)、過濾器(qi)、撓(nao)性接(jie)(jie)頭及(ji)軟(ruan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)支吊(diao)架(jia)，用于(yu)支承(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)或(huo)約束(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)位移的(de)各種結(jie)構(gou)的(de)總稱，但不包括土建結(jie)構(gou)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)只是(shi)(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)的(de)一部分(fen)，當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子(zi)與(yu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)、閥門(men)(men)和其(qi)他機(ji)械設備連(lian)接(jie)(jie)，并由支吊(diao)架(jia)支承(cheng)時，才被稱為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)(dao)。

  工(gong)(gong)業管(guan)(guan)道器材(cai)是整個(ge)管(guan)(guan)道設(she)計過程的基礎部分，它直接影(ying)響到管(guan)(guan)道系統乃至(zhi)整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)業裝置的安全性(xing)、可(ke)靠(kao)性(xing)和經濟性(xing)。工(gong)(gong)業管(guan)(guan)道器材(cai)在(zai)石(shi)油、化工(gong)(gong)、石(shi)油化工(gong)(gong)、電力、輕紡、船舶、制藥(yao)等工(gong)(gong)業部門的管(guan)(guan)道裝置中所(suo)(suo)占(zhan)比例很(hen)大。在(zai)石(shi)油化工(gong)(gong)生產裝置中，管(guan)(guan)道材(cai)料中各(ge)主要項目費用所(suo)(suo)占(zhan)比例如圖16.1所(suo)(suo)示。

工業管道常用材料分類見表(biao)16.2。