工業管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)，是(shi)由(you)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)等(deng)(deng)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)，用以(yi)(yi)輸送、分配(pei)、混合(he)、分離、排放(fang)、計量或控制流體流動。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)用于連接(jie)或裝(zhuang)配(pei)成(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的元件(jian)(jian)，包括(kuo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子（PiPipe)e）、管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)、法(fa)蘭、墊片、緊(jin)固件(jian)(jian)、閥(fa)門(men)以(yi)(yi)及管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)特殊(shu)件(jian)(jian)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)特殊(shu)件(jian)(jian)指非普通標準組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)，系按工程設計條件(jian)(jian)特殊(shu)制造(zao)的管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)組(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)件(jian)(jian)，包括(kuo)膨脹(zhang)節、補償器、特殊(shu)閥(fa)門(men)、爆(bao)炸片、阻(zu)火(huo)器、過濾器、撓(nao)性接(jie)頭及軟管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng)(deng)。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)，用于支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)或約束(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)位(wei)移的各(ge)種(zhong)結構的總稱，但不(bu)包括(kuo)土建結構。管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子只(zhi)是(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)的一(yi)部分，當管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子與管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)件(jian)(jian)、閥(fa)門(men)和(he)其他機械設備連接(jie)，并(bing)由(you)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)吊架(jia)支(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)承時，才被稱為管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)道(dao)(dao)。

  工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)管道(dao)器材(cai)是(shi)整個管道(dao)設計(ji)過程的基礎部分，它直接影響到管道(dao)系(xi)統乃至整個工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)裝置的安全性、可靠性和經濟性。工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)管道(dao)器材(cai)在石(shi)油、化工(gong)(gong)、石(shi)油化工(gong)(gong)、電力、輕紡、船舶、制藥等(deng)工(gong)(gong)業(ye)(ye)部門的管道(dao)裝置中(zhong)(zhong)所(suo)(suo)占比(bi)例很大。在石(shi)油化工(gong)(gong)生產裝置中(zhong)(zhong)，管道(dao)材(cai)料中(zhong)(zhong)各主(zhu)要項目費(fei)用所(suo)(suo)占比(bi)例如圖16.1所(suo)(suo)示。

工業管道(dao)常(chang)用材料(liao)分類見表(biao)16.2。