1Cr18Ni9是18-8型不銹鋼最古老的一個牌號。耐蝕性、冷成型性能與0Cr19Ni9相近,由于此鋼含碳量高,一般沒有δ-鐵素體且奧氏體穩定,因此,此鋼更適于低溫和無磁等用途。
1Cr18Ni12和0Cr18Ni9Cu3,前者是通過提高(gao)1Cr18Ni9鋼(gang)的(de)(de)(de)鎳(nie)含(han)量(liang),使(shi)(shi)奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)穩定(ding)(ding),經較大冷(leng)(leng)(leng)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)后,可基本(ben)上不產生馬氏(shi)體(ti)相變(bian)(bian),既可使(shi)(shi)鋼(gang)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)硬化(hua)傾(qing)向小,更(geng)(geng)易于(yu)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)成型,減少中(zhong)間退火次數(shu)。同時,由(you)于(yu)固(gu)溶態與(yu)軋態的(de)(de)(de)透磁率變(bian)(bian)化(hua)很小(表5.3),較0Cr18Ni9(304)更(geng)(geng)適于(yu)無(wu)磁用(yong)途(tu)。而(er)0Cr18Ni9Cu3則系加(jia)(jia)入銅使(shi)(shi)奧(ao)氏(shi)體(ti)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)穩定(ding)(ding),冷(leng)(leng)(leng)加(jia)(jia)工(gong)過程(cheng)轉變(bian)(bian)為(wei)馬氏(shi)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)敏感性(xing)降(jiang)低,從而(er)使(shi)(shi)鋼(gang)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)作硬化(hua)傾(qing)向和冷(leng)(leng)(leng)作速率以及(ji)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)開裂敏感性(xing)下降(jiang),使(shi)(shi)此鋼(gang)在較小變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing)力作用(yong)下可獲得最大的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)變(bian)(bian)形(xing)(xing),因此,0Cr18Ni9Cu3更(geng)(geng)適于(yu)緊固(gu)件和深沖、深拉等用(yong)途(tu)。圖(tu)5.8和圖(tu)5.9系一(yi)些試驗(yan)結果。


Y1Cr18Ni9是(shi)通(tong)過調(diao)整鋼(gang)(gang)中P(≤0.20%)和(he)S(≥0.15%)含(han)量,而(er)Y1Cr18Ni9Se則是(shi)通(tong)過調(diao)整1Cr18Ni9 鋼(gang)(gang)中P(≤0.20%)和(he)S(≥0.60% )并加(jia)入Se(≥0.15%),以(yi)使鋼(gang)(gang)具有(you)優良(liang)的(de)冷切削加(jia)工性。

