管(guan)殼式(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi)又稱列管(guan)式(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi)。是以封(feng)閉在殼體中管(guan)束(shu)的(de)壁面作(zuo)為傳熱面的(de)間(jian)壁式(shi)換(huan)熱器(qi)。這種換(huan)熱器(qi)結構較簡單，操(cao)作(zuo)可靠，可用各種結構材(cai)料（主要是金(jin)屬材(cai)料）制造，能在高溫、高壓下使用，是目前應用最廣的(de)類型。

  管殼(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)由(you)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)、傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)管束(shu)、管板(ban)(ban)、折流(liu)(liu)板(ban)(ban)（擋板(ban)(ban)）和管箱等部件組成。殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)多為(wei)圓筒形，內(nei)部裝有管束(shu)，管束(shu)兩(liang)端固定在(zai)管板(ban)(ban)上，而管板(ban)(ban)又與外(wai)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)連接在(zai)一(yi)起。進(jin)行(xing)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)的冷(leng)、熱(re)(re)(re)(re)兩(liang)種(zhong)(zhong)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)管內(nei)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)，稱(cheng)為(wei)管程(cheng)(cheng)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)；另(ling)一(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)在(zai)管外(wai)流(liu)(liu)動(dong)(dong)，稱(cheng)為(wei)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)。為(wei)提高(gao)管外(wai)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)的傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)膜系(xi)數，通常在(zai)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)體(ti)(ti)(ti)內(nei)安(an)裝若干擋板(ban)(ban)。擋板(ban)(ban)可提高(gao)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)速度，迫使(shi)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)按(an)規定路程(cheng)(cheng)多次(ci)橫向通過管束(shu)，增(zeng)強流(liu)(liu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)湍流(liu)(liu)程(cheng)(cheng)度。圖(tu)7.2（a）為(wei)最簡單(dan)的單(dan)殼(ke)(ke)(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)單(dan)管程(cheng)(cheng)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)。管殼(ke)(ke)(ke)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)按(an)結構特點分為(wei)固定管板(ban)(ban)式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)、浮頭式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)、U形管式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)、填函式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)、雙(shuang)重管式(shi)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)和雙(shuang)管板(ban)(ban)換(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)(re)(re)器(qi)等，前(qian)3種(zhong)(zhong)應(ying)用比(bi)較普遍(bian)。

  管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)殼(ke)式換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)由許多管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子組成(cheng)，管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)構成(cheng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)面(mian)。為(wei)了增(zeng)加(jia)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)在(zai)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)外(wai)空間的(de)流(liu)(liu)速，以提高(gao)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)殼(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)膜系數(shu)(shu)，改善換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)傳(chuan)熱(re)(re)情況，在(zai)筒(tong)體(ti)內間隔(ge)安(an)裝(zhuang)了許多折流(liu)(liu)擋(dang)板(ban)。換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)的(de)殼(ke)體(ti)和兩側(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)上(shang)(shang)（對于偶(ou)數(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)，則(ze)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)）開有(you)流(liu)(liu)體(ti)的(de)進出(chu)口，有(you)時還(huan)在(zai)其上(shang)(shang)裝(zhuang)設檢查孔(kong)，為(wei)安(an)置儀(yi)表用的(de)接口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、排液(ye)孔(kong)和排氣(qi)孔(kong)等(deng)。在(zai)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)中，一(yi)(yi)(yi)種流(liu)(liu)體(ti)從(cong)一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)（成(cheng)為(wei)前管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)）流(liu)(liu)進管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)子里，經另一(yi)(yi)(yi)側(ce)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)（成(cheng)為(wei)后(hou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)）流(liu)(liu)出(chu)（對奇數(shu)(shu)單管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)），或繞過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)，流(liu)(liu)回進口側(ce)前管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)箱(xiang)流(liu)(liu)出(chu)（對偶(ou)數(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)），流(liu)(liu)體(ti)每(mei)通過(guo)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次稱(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)。另一(yi)(yi)(yi)種流(liu)(liu)體(ti)從(cong)筒(tong)體(ti)上(shang)(shang)的(de)連接管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)進出(chu)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)體(ti)，流(liu)(liu)經管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)束(shu)外(wai)，每(mei)通過(guo)殼(ke)體(ti)一(yi)(yi)(yi)次稱(cheng)為(wei)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個殼(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)。圖7.2（c）所示(shi)為(wei)二管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)、單殼(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)，工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)上(shang)(shang)稱(cheng)為(wei)1-2型換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)（此處1表示(shi)殼(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)，2表示(shi)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)程(cheng)(cheng)數(shu)(shu)）。同樣，在(zai)換(huan)(huan)(huan)熱(re)(re)器(qi)筒(tong)體(ti)內加(jia)縱向擋(dang)板(ban)也(ye)能得到多殼(ke)程(cheng)(cheng)結構，見(jian)圖7.2（b）。

  按GB151的規定，管殼(ke)式換熱器主要部件如圖7.3所示。