工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和管道(dao)(dao)互相融合，在設計(ji)(ji)(ji)時密(mi)不(bu)可分(fen)。國內(nei)外有(you)(you)些設計(ji)(ji)(ji)單位工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和管道(dao)(dao)仍是同一(yi)個專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)，稱(cheng)作“工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)管道(dao)(dao)”專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)，有(you)(you)些設計(ji)(ji)(ji)單位分(fen)為工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)和管道(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)。無論如何(he)分(fen)工(gong)(gong)，作為壓力管道(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)，應(ying)首先理(li)解(jie)透徹工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)圖紙文件，明白工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)原(yuan)理(li)，才能(neng)保證壓力管道(dao)(dao)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)設計(ji)(ji)(ji)質(zhi)量和工(gong)(gong)作效率。

  石(shi)油化工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)項目具有(you)(you)一定的周期性，有(you)(you)些年(nian)份煉(lian)(lian)油裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程較多，有(you)(you)些年(nian)份煤(mei)制油煤(mei)化工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程較多，有(you)(you)些年(nian)份化工(gong)(gong)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程較多，有(you)(you)些年(nian)份電力輕(qing)工(gong)(gong)等裝(zhuang)置(zhi)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)程較多，在(zai)這種市場經(jing)濟主(zhu)導的大環境下，設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)單位能中(zhong)標的裝(zhuang)置(zhi)類型也在(zai)變化。需要(yao)壓(ya)力管(guan)道設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)人員熟練設(she)(she)(she)(she)計(ji)煉(lian)(lian)油（常減壓(ya)、催化重整、加氫等）、化工(gong)(gong)（乙(yi)烯、化肥(fei)、LNG、LPG、PP、苯乙(yi)烯等）、煤(mei)制油等各種裝(zhuang)置(zhi)。

  實踐(jian)證(zheng)明，無(wu)論(lun)是化工裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)、煉油裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)，還是制藥(yao)裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的壓(ya)(ya)力管(guan)(guan)道設(she)(she)計(ji)，僅是工藝專業設(she)(she)計(ji)內容(rong)不同，對于壓(ya)(ya)力管(guan)(guan)道專業設(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)，設(she)(she)計(ji)原理和(he)內容(rong)是相同的，壓(ya)(ya)力管(guan)(guan)道設(she)(she)計(ji)人(ren)員(yuan)掌握了管(guan)(guan)廊、塔、容(rong)器、反(fan)應(ying)器、換(huan)熱設(she)(she)備、加熱爐、泵、壓(ya)(ya)縮機、罐等設(she)(she)備、設(she)(she)施及其有關管(guan)(guan)道的配管(guan)(guan)設(she)(she)計(ji)原理和(he)好的設(she)(she)計(ji)做法，就可以(yi)較好地完成這些不同類型裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的設(she)(she)備設(she)(she)施的壓(ya)(ya)力管(guan)(guan)道設(she)(she)計(ji)。本章節簡(jian)要講述一些裝(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)的工藝及布置(zhi)(zhi)。