美(mei)國機械工程師學會(American Society of Mechanical Engineers,ASME)成(cheng)立(li)于1880年,在世界各地(di)建(jian)有分部,是一個有很大權威和影響的國際(ji)性學術組織。ASME主(zhu)要從事(shi)發(fa)展機械(xie)(xie)(xie)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)有關領域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學技(ji)(ji)(ji)術,鼓(gu)勵(li)基礎研究,促(cu)進學術交流,發展(zhan)(zhan)與(yu)其(qi)他工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)學、協會的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)合作,開(kai)展(zhan)(zhan)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化活動(dong),制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)機械(xie)(xie)(xie)規范和標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。它擁(yong)有125000個成員(yuan),管理著(zhu)全世界(jie)最大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術出版機構(gou),主持(chi)每年(nian)30個技(ji)(ji)(ji)術會議,200個專業發展(zhan)(zhan)課程(cheng),并制(zhi)(zhi)定(ding)了許多工(gong)(gong)(gong)業和制(zhi)(zhi)造標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。自成立以來,ASME領導(dao)了機械(xie)(xie)(xie)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)(zhan),從最初的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)螺紋(wen)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)開(kai)始到現在已發展(zhan)(zhan)了超過600多個標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)。1911年(nian)成立了鍋爐機械(xie)(xie)(xie)指令(ling)委員(yuan)會,在1914~1915年(nian)頒(ban)布了機械(xie)(xie)(xie)指令(ling),以后該指令(ling)又與(yu)各(ge)個州及(ji)(ji)加拿大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法律(lv)相結(jie)合。ASME已成為在技(ji)(ji)(ji)術、教育及(ji)(ji)調(diao)查領域(yu)(yu)內世界(jie)性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)學機構(gou)。此(ci)外,ASME還是(shi)ANSI5個發起單位(wei)之(zhi)一。ANSI的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)(xie)(xie)類標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun),主要(yao)由(you)它協助提出,并代(dai)表美國家(jia)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)委員(yuan)會技(ji)(ji)(ji)術顧問(wen)小組,參加ISO的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)活動(dong)。其(qi)管道標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)有:
ASME B31.1 Power Piping 動力管道(dao)
ASME B31.3 Process Piping 工(gong)藝管道
ASME B31.4 Liquid Transportation Systems for Hydrocarbons,Liquid Petroleum Gas, Anhy-drous Ammonia, and Alcohols 液(ye)態烴和(he)其他液(ye)體管(guan)線輸(shu)送系統
ASME B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems輸氣和配氣管道系統
ASME B16.1 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 鑄鐵法蘭和(he)管法蘭
ASME B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings 可(ke)鍛鑄鐵(tie)螺(luo)紋管件(jian)
ASME B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 管法蘭(lan)和法蘭(lan)管件
ASME B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings 工廠制造的鍛鋼(gang)對焊管件
ASME B16.11 Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded 承插焊(han)式(shi)(shi)和螺紋式(shi)(shi)鍛造管件
ASME B16.12 Cast Iron Threaded Drainage Fittings 鑄鐵螺(luo)紋排水(shui)管(guan)件(jian)
ASME B16.21 Nonmetallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges 管法蘭用非(fei)金(jin)屬(shu)平墊片
ASME B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings 鍛壓(ya)銅(tong)和銅(tong)合金釬焊連(lian)接壓(ya)力管配件
ASME B16.28 Wrought Steel Buttwelding Short Radius Elbows and Returns 鍛軋鋼制對接焊小彎(wan)頭半徑彎(wan)頭和180°彎(wan)頭
ASME B16.34 Valves-Flanged,Threaded,and Welding End法蘭、螺紋和焊接端(duan)連接的閥門(men)
ASME B16.39 Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions 可鍛(duan)鐵(tie)螺紋管(guan)活接頭
ASME B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings 球墨(mo)鑄鐵管(guan)法蘭和法蘭連接管(guan)配件
ASME B16.47 Large Diameter Flanges 大直(zhi)徑管(guan)鋼制法(fa)蘭(NPS 26~NPS 60)
ASME B16.48 Line Blanks 鋼制管(guan)線盲板
ASME B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe 焊接和無縫(feng)鍛(duan)鋼管(NPS 1/8NPS80)
ASME B36.19M Stainless Steel Pipe 不(bu)銹鋼鋼管(NPS 1/8~NPS30)