我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不銹鋼無縫(feng)管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼焊管的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。


  70-80年(nian)代成都無縫、包鋼等企(qi)業按《一般無縫鋼管》(YB 231-1970)和后來的《輸(shu)送(song)流體用(yong)無縫鋼管》(GB/T 8163-1987)標準,生產流體輸(shu)送(song)用(yong)管,主要(yao)牌號(hao):A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等,主要(yao)管徑:Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最大(da)管徑為Φ630mm。


  從80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代開(kai)(kai)始,我國(guo)開(kai)(kai)展了(le)按(an)API標(biao)(biao)準開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研制(zhi)(zhi)專用不銹鋼(gang)無縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),為(wei)(wei)了(le)適應(ying)這一發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)需要,成(cheng)都無縫廠從80年(nian)(nian)(nian)代末開(kai)(kai)始了(le)按(an)照API5L標(biao)(biao)準,開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研制(zhi)(zhi)生產A、B、X42~X52鋼(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。于(yu)(yu)1991年(nian)(nian)(nian)獲(huo)得了(le)API 5L會(hui)標(biao)(biao)許可證(zheng),并于(yu)(yu)當年(nian)(nian)(nian)向泰國(guo)出口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1992年(nian)(nian)(nian)向臺灣地區出口Φ245mm的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。90年(nian)(nian)(nian)代中后期又研制(zhi)(zhi)出了(le)X56、X60、X65鋼(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),并為(wei)(wei)勝(sheng)利(li)油田(tian)批量供應(ying)X56級(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);向伊拉(la)克出口幾萬(wan)噸X60級(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司250連(lian)軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組投產后不久就開(kai)(kai)始了(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)研制(zhi)(zhi),1997年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)渤海(hai)(hai)(hai)油田(tian)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)研制(zhi)(zhi)出X56級(ji)(ji)(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1998年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)勝(sheng)利(li)油田(tian)開(kai)(kai)發(fa)生產X56鋼(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1999-2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)為(wei)(wei)沙特阿美(mei)公司開(kai)(kai)發(fa)生產出了(le)4萬(wan)噸X60鋼(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等多個規格的(de)(de)(de)海(hai)(hai)(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);2000年(nian)(nian)(nian)后又開(kai)(kai)發(fa)出X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)(ji)(ji)高強(qiang)度管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適合(he)海(hai)(hai)(hai)洋環境(jing)和抗腐(fu)蝕環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)X60QS、X65QS鋼(gang)級(ji)(ji)(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適合(he)低溫環境(jing)的(de)(de)(de)X60L、X65L管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。


  2005年(nian)以后隨著(zhu)國(guo)內(nei)幾條中(zhong)大口徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)連(lian)軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)建立,如衡(heng)陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu),天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu),天(tian)淮的(de)(de)(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu),以及天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)Φ720mm斜軋(ya)擴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu),衡(heng)陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)φ720mm周期式軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)(ji)組(zu)(zu),使無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)直徑擴大到(dao)Φ711mm,其中(zhong)包(bao)括ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等。2007年(nian)塔里木(mu)油(you)田迪那氣(qi)田,使用了(le)天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產的(de)(de)(de)(de)當(dang)時最大口徑的(de)(de)(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年(nian)中(zhong)海(hai)油(you)潿洲項目使用了(le)適(shi)(shi)合海(hai)洋(yang)環(huan)境和抗腐蝕環(huan)境X60QS及X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產品。另外,天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)司2010年(nian)在(zai)國(guo)內(nei)首(shou)次開發了(le)適(shi)(shi)合深(shen)水(shui)作(zuo)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),且產品成功出口到(dao)歐(ou)洲。無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發極(ji)大地滿足國(guo)內(nei)陸地、海(hai)洋(yang)油(you)氣(qi)田的(de)(de)(de)(de)開發和建設(she),并大量出口到(dao)中(zhong)東(dong)、東(dong)南(nan)亞、非洲、美洲、歐(ou)洲等地。近10年(nian)來,我(wo)國(guo)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生產企業(ye)(ye)天(tian)津(jin)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡(heng)陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀成鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包(bao)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等,每年(nian)都生產大量的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出口到(dao)國(guo)外,出口量在(zai)150~227萬(wan)噸之間,占不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出口量的(de)(de)(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)(ji)從(cong)B級(ji)(ji)到(dao)X級(ji)(ji)(X42-X70及少量的(de)(de)(de)(de)X80),品種包(bao)括海(hai)底(di)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗硫(liu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等,見圖8-7和圖8-8。


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