我國早期的管道建設主要采用的是不(bu)銹鋼無縫管,但口徑受到了限制。隨著焊管生產技術的發展和焊管質量的提高以及不銹鋼焊管的直徑可以做得更大,焊管很快就替代了不銹鋼無縫管,成為管道建設的主角。隨著管道建設向大型化、高輸送量發展,中大口徑的管道基本采用了焊管,90年代以來,我國油氣管道的主干線全部被焊管所壟斷,不銹鋼無縫管主要用于支線管、集輸管線、海底管線和城市的管網。
70-80年代成都無(wu)縫(feng)、包鋼等企(qi)業按(an)《一(yi)般無(wu)縫(feng)鋼管》(YB 231-1970)和后來的(de)《輸送(song)流體用(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)鋼管》(GB/T 8163-1987)標準,生產流體輸送(song)用(yong)管,主(zhu)要牌號:A3(A3F)、10、20、16Mn、Q235、Q295、Q345等,主(zhu)要管徑:Φ159mm、ф219mm、φ273mm、Φ325mm、φ426mm、最大(da)管徑為Φ630mm。
從(cong)80年(nian)代開(kai)始(shi),我國(guo)開(kai)展了(le)按(an)API標準開(kai)發(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)專(zhuan)用不銹鋼(gang)(gang)無縫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),為(wei)(wei)(wei)了(le)適應這一發(fa)展的(de)需(xu)要,成(cheng)都無縫廠從(cong)80年(nian)代末開(kai)始(shi)了(le)按(an)照API5L標準,開(kai)發(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產A、B、X42~X52鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。于1991年(nian)獲得了(le)API 5L會標許可證(zheng),并于當(dang)年(nian)向泰國(guo)出(chu)(chu)(chu)口管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1992年(nian)向臺(tai)灣地區出(chu)(chu)(chu)口Φ245mm的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。90年(nian)代中(zhong)后(hou)(hou)期又研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)X56、X60、X65鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),并為(wei)(wei)(wei)勝(sheng)利(li)油田批量供應X56級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);向伊拉克出(chu)(chu)(chu)口幾(ji)萬噸X60級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。天津鋼(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公(gong)司250連軋(ya)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機組投產后(hou)(hou)不久(jiu)就開(kai)始(shi)了(le)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi),1997年(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)渤海(hai)油田開(kai)發(fa)研(yan)制(zhi)(zhi)出(chu)(chu)(chu)X56級(ji)φ219.1×12.7mm海(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1998年(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)勝(sheng)利(li)油田開(kai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產X56鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)ф114.3mm×10mm、ф273.1mm×12.7mm海(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);1999-2000年(nian)為(wei)(wei)(wei)沙特阿美(mei)公(gong)司開(kai)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產出(chu)(chu)(chu)了(le)4萬噸X60鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)ф168.3mmx12.7mm、φ219.1mmx12.7mm、φ273.1mmx12.7mm等(deng)多個規(gui)格(ge)的(de)海(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan);2000年(nian)后(hou)(hou)又開(kai)發(fa)出(chu)(chu)(chu)X65Q、X70Q、X80Q級(ji)高強度管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適合海(hai)洋環境(jing)(jing)和抗腐蝕環境(jing)(jing)的(de)X60QS、X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)級(ji)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),適合低溫環境(jing)(jing)的(de)X60L、X65L管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)。
2005年(nian)(nian)以(yi)后隨著國(guo)(guo)內(nei)幾條中(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)(da)口(kou)(kou)徑的(de)(de)連軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu)(zu)的(de)(de)建(jian)立(li),如衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、攀成(cheng)(cheng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)Φ340mm機(ji)組(zu)(zu),天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)的(de)(de)ф460mm機(ji)組(zu)(zu),天淮的(de)(de)φ508mm機(ji)組(zu)(zu),以(yi)及天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)Φ720mm斜軋擴管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu)(zu),衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)φ720mm周期式軋管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)機(ji)組(zu)(zu),使(shi)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)直徑擴大(da)(da)(da)(da)到Φ711mm,其中(zhong)包括ф323.9mm、ф406mm、Φ457mm、φ508mm、φ610mm等(deng)。2007年(nian)(nian)塔里木(mu)油田迪那氣田,使(shi)用(yong)了(le)天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產的(de)(de)當時最大(da)(da)(da)(da)口(kou)(kou)徑的(de)(de)ф457mmx17.5mm、X60Q鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),2008年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)海(hai)油潿(wei)洲項目使(shi)用(yong)了(le)適合海(hai)洋環(huan)境和抗(kang)腐蝕環(huan)境X60QS及X65QS鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)Φ406.4mm的(de)(de)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)產品。另外(wai),天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)公司2010年(nian)(nian)在國(guo)(guo)內(nei)首次開發了(le)適合深水作業的(de)(de)盤管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)用(yong)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan),且產品成(cheng)(cheng)功出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)到歐(ou)洲。無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)開發極大(da)(da)(da)(da)地(di)(di)滿足國(guo)(guo)內(nei)陸地(di)(di)、海(hai)洋油氣田的(de)(de)開發和建(jian)設,并大(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)到中(zhong)東、東南亞、非洲、美洲、歐(ou)洲等(deng)地(di)(di)。近10年(nian)(nian)來,我國(guo)(guo)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)生(sheng)(sheng)產企業天津鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、衡陽鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、寶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、攀成(cheng)(cheng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、包鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),每年(nian)(nian)都生(sheng)(sheng)產大(da)(da)(da)(da)量(liang)的(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)到國(guo)(guo)外(wai),出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)量(liang)在150~227萬噸(dun)之間(jian),占不銹(xiu)(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)無(wu)縫(feng)(feng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)出(chu)(chu)口(kou)(kou)量(liang)的(de)(de)42%~49.5%,鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)級(ji)從(cong)B級(ji)到X級(ji)(X42-X70及少量(liang)的(de)(de)X80),品種包括海(hai)底管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、抗(kang)硫管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)等(deng),見圖8-7和圖8-8。


