隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不(bu)銹(xiu)鋼管生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)工藝（控(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)，TMCP）可綜(zong)合(he)利用(yong)細(xi)晶強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)、析出(chu)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)和(he)相變(bian)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)等(deng)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)機(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，是有效在線調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)軋(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)組織、顯著提(ti)升(sheng)材(cai)料性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手段(duan)。經三十余年快速發(fa)(fa)展，控(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)已廣泛(fan)應用(yong)于熱(re)軋(ya)板(ban)帶(dai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、型(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)、棒線材(cai)等(deng)領(ling)域(yu)。然而，熱(re)軋(ya)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)有別于熱(re)軋(ya)板(ban)帶(dai)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)等(deng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)門(men)類，不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)形(xing)(xing)和(he)成型(xing)后(hou)的(de)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)工藝與(yu)常規控(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)工藝示(shi)意圖(tu)如圖(tu)6-63所示(shi)。熱(re)軋(ya)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)高(gao)溫穿(chuan)軋(ya)的(de)生產(chan)工藝條件使(shi)得控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)應用(yong)受到極大限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，環形(xing)(xing)斷面(mian)的(de)形(xing)(xing)狀特(te)點(dian)使(shi)得控(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)卻(que)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)開發(fa)(fa)難度很大，嚴重(zhong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約了基于控(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)(leng)(leng)的(de)在線組織性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)在該領(ling)域(yu)的(de)應用(yong)和(he)發(fa)(fa)展，熱(re)軋(ya)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)度、韌性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)和(he)焊接性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)等(deng)綜(zong)合(he)性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)的(de)全面(mian)提(ti)升(sheng)面(mian)臨(lin)瓶頸。因(yin)此，實(shi)現熱(re)軋(ya)不銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)成型(xing)和(he)成型(xing)過(guo)程的(de)在線組織性(xing)(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)，是熱(re)軋(ya)無(wu)(wu)縫(feng)(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)(gang)管(guan)(guan)領(ling)域(yu)長期(qi)以來的(de)重(zhong)點(dian)攻關方向之一。

  針(zhen)對(dui)熱軋(ya)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)線組(zu)織性(xing)能(neng)調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)工(gong)(gong)業化技(ji)術，其(qi)(qi)(qi)相(xiang)關(guan)機理(li)及(ji)(ji)核心機制(zhi)(zhi)長期以來未取得有(you)效(xiao)突破。首(shou)先，在(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)面，由于(yu)(yu)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)熱加(jia)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)需(xu)要經歷復(fu)雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)成型工(gong)(gong)序，為降低(di)變形抗力以保證軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)(de)穩順進行，管(guan)(guan)(guan)坯(pi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱溫(wen)度往往較高(gao)，同(tong)時要在(zai)(zai)盡可(ke)能(neng)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度下連續完成穿孔及(ji)(ji)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程，為此難以實現通(tong)過(guo)(guo)低(di)溫(wen)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)藝對(dui)奧氏體組(zu)織狀態進行調控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。其(qi)(qi)(qi)次，在(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)方(fang)(fang)面，盡管(guan)(guan)(guan)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)形狀簡單，但特(te)殊的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形斷面特(te)征(zheng)使得其(qi)(qi)(qi)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)化冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)機制(zhi)(zhi)顯著區別于(yu)(yu)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)他類型鋼(gang)材(cai)。例如，沿不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)圓周(zhou)方(fang)(fang)向(xiang)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)對(dui)稱(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)水布置(zhi)并不(bu)(bu)能(neng)使鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)達(da)到(dao)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)化的(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)效(xiao)果，這其(qi)(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)必(bi)然(ran)存在(zai)(zai)異(yi)于(yu)(yu)傳統(tong)理(li)念的(de)(de)(de)(de)環形斷面下的(de)(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)化冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)機制(zhi)(zhi)。由于(yu)(yu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)機理(li)及(ji)(ji)其(qi)(qi)(qi)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究進展(zhan)有(you)限(xian)，導致控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)組(zu)織性(xing)能(neng)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)(yun)性(xing)以及(ji)(ji)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)不(bu)(bu)均(jun)(jun)造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)彎管(guan)(guan)(guan)事故無法(fa)有(you)效(xiao)解決(jue)，在(zai)(zai)較長時間制(zhi)(zhi)約了控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)(leng)卻(que)(que)技(ji)術在(zai)(zai)熱軋(ya)不(bu)(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)領域的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)和(he)應用。