隨著石油、天然氣、鍋爐、建筑等行業的不斷發展，在使用條件、節能降耗、產品性能等方面對不銹鋼管提出了越來越高的要求。在常規熱軋不銹鋼管(guan)生產過程中，管坯成型歷經高溫穿孔、軋制以及定徑等工藝。產品受到圓形中空斷面形狀及生產工藝制約，缺乏更為有效的組織和性能調控手段，導致其性能提升僅能依靠添加合金元素及后續離線熱處理工序，給高品質不銹鋼管材開發以及生產成本、制造效率和能源消耗控制等帶來諸多不利影響。

  控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)與(yu)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻工(gong)藝(yi)（控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)，TMCP）可綜合利(li)用(yong)細晶強(qiang)化(hua)、析出強(qiang)化(hua)和相變(bian)強(qiang)化(hua)等強(qiang)化(hua)機制(zhi)(zhi)，是有(you)效在(zai)線(xian)調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)組織、顯著提(ti)升(sheng)材(cai)料性(xing)(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要手段。經三十(shi)余年快速發展(zhan)，控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術已(yi)廣泛應(ying)用(yong)于熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)板帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、型(xing)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)、棒(bang)線(xian)材(cai)等領域(yu)(yu)。然而，熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管有(you)別(bie)于熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)板帶鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)等鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)材(cai)門類，不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)變(bian)形(xing)和成(cheng)型(xing)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻工(gong)藝(yi)與(yu)常規控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)工(gong)藝(yi)示意圖(tu)如(ru)圖(tu)6-63所示。熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管高溫穿軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生產工(gong)藝(yi)條件使得(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)受到(dao)極大限制(zhi)(zhi)，環形(xing)斷面的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)形(xing)狀特點使得(de)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻技(ji)(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)發難度(du)很大，嚴(yan)重制(zhi)(zhi)約了基于控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)冷(leng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)線(xian)組織性(xing)(xing)能調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術在(zai)該領域(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用(yong)和發展(zhan)，熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管產品(pin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)強(qiang)度(du)、韌(ren)性(xing)(xing)和焊接性(xing)(xing)等綜合性(xing)(xing)能的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)面提(ti)升(sheng)面臨瓶頸。因此(ci)，實現熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)不(bu)(bu)銹(xiu)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)型(xing)和成(cheng)型(xing)過程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)在(zai)線(xian)組織性(xing)(xing)能調(diao)控(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，是熱(re)(re)(re)軋(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)無縫(feng)鋼(gang)(gang)(gang)管領域(yu)(yu)長期以(yi)來的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重點攻關方向之一。

  針對(dui)熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)(zai)線組織性(xing)能調控(kong)(kong)工(gong)業化(hua)技術(shu)，其相關機(ji)(ji)理(li)及核(he)心機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)長期以來未取(qu)得(de)有(you)效(xiao)突破。首(shou)先，在(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)面，由于(yu)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)在(zai)(zai)熱(re)加(jia)工(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中需要經(jing)歷復雜(za)的(de)(de)(de)成型工(gong)序，為(wei)降低變形(xing)抗(kang)力以保證(zheng)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)序的(de)(de)(de)穩順進行(xing)，管(guan)(guan)坯(pi)的(de)(de)(de)加(jia)熱(re)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)往往較(jiao)高，同時(shi)要在(zai)(zai)盡可(ke)能高的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)(wen)度(du)(du)下(xia)連續完成穿孔及軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，為(wei)此難以實現(xian)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)低溫(wen)(wen)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)軋(ya)(ya)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)藝對(dui)奧氏(shi)體組織狀態進行(xing)調控(kong)(kong)。其次，在(zai)(zai)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)方(fang)面，盡管(guan)(guan)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)形(xing)狀簡(jian)單，但特殊的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)斷面特征使得(de)其均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)化(hua)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)顯(xian)著區別于(yu)板(ban)帶鋼(gang)及其他類(lei)型鋼(gang)材(cai)。例如，沿(yan)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)圓周方(fang)向(xiang)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)對(dui)稱的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)水布置并不(bu)能使鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)達到(dao)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)效(xiao)果(guo)，這(zhe)其中必(bi)然存在(zai)(zai)異(yi)于(yu)傳統理(li)念的(de)(de)(de)環形(xing)斷面下(xia)的(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)化(hua)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)機(ji)(ji)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。由于(yu)鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)的(de)(de)(de)均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)機(ji)(ji)理(li)及其控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)方(fang)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)研究進展有(you)限，導致控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)組織性(xing)能均(jun)(jun)勻(yun)性(xing)以及冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)不(bu)均(jun)(jun)造成的(de)(de)(de)彎管(guan)(guan)事故無法(fa)有(you)效(xiao)解決，在(zai)(zai)較(jiao)長時(shi)間(jian)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)約了控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)冷(leng)卻(que)(que)(que)技術(shu)在(zai)(zai)熱(re)軋(ya)(ya)不(bu)銹鋼(gang)管(guan)(guan)領(ling)域的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展和應用。